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Production of $b \bar{b}$ at forward rapidity in $p + p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 510 GeV$

U. Acharya²⁰, A. Adare¹¹, C. Aidala⁴², N. N. Ajitanand^60,*, Y. Akiba^55,56,†, R. Akimoto¹⁰, M. Alfred²³, N. Apadula^28,61, Y. Aramaki⁵⁵ et al. (PHENIX Collaboration)

Y. Aramaki⁵⁵, H. Asano^35,55, E. T. Atomssa⁶¹, T. C. Awes⁵¹, B. Azmoun⁷, V. Babintsev²⁴, M. Bai⁶, N. S. Bandara⁴¹, B. Bannier⁶¹, K. N. Barish⁸, S. Bathe^5,56, A. Bazilevsky⁷, M. Beaumier⁸, S. Beckman¹¹, R. Belmont^11,42,49, A. Berdnikov⁵⁸, Y. Berdnikov⁵⁸, L. Bichon⁶⁵, D. Black⁸, B. Blankenship⁶⁵, J. S. Bok⁴⁸, V. Borisov⁵⁸, K. Boyle⁵⁶, M. L. Brooks³⁸, J. Bryslawskyj^5,8, H. Buesching⁷, V. Bumazhnov²⁴, S. Campbell^12,28, V. Canoa Roman⁶¹, C.-H. Chen⁵⁶, C. Y. Chi¹², M. Chiu⁷, I. J. Choi^25,*, J. B. Choi³⁰, T. Chujo⁶⁴, Z. Citron⁶⁶, M. Connors²⁰, M. Csanád¹⁵, T. Csörgő⁶⁷, A. Datta⁴⁷, M. S. Daugherity¹, G. David^7,61, K. DeBlasio⁴⁷, K. Dehmelt⁶¹, A. Denisov²⁴, A. Deshpande^56,61, E. J. Desmond⁷, L. Ding²⁸, A. Dion⁶¹, J. H. Do⁶⁸, A. Drees⁶¹, K. A. Drees⁶, J. M. Durham³⁸, A. Durum²⁴, A. Enokizono^55,57, H. En’yo⁵⁵, R. Esha⁶¹, S. Esumi⁶⁴, B. Fadem⁴³, W. Fan⁶¹, N. Feege⁶¹, D. E. Fields⁴⁷, M. Finger⁹, M. Finger, Jr.⁹, D. Firak¹⁴, D. Fitzgerald⁴², S. L. Fokin³⁴, J. E. Frantz⁵⁰, A. Franz⁷, A. D. Frawley¹⁹, C. Gal⁶¹, P. Gallus¹³, P. Garg^3,61, H. Ge⁶¹, F. Giordano²⁵, A. Glenn³⁷, Y. Goto^55,56, N. Grau², S. V. Greene⁶⁵, M. Grosse Perdekamp²⁵, Y. Gu⁶⁰, T. Gunji¹⁰, H. Guragain²⁰, T. Hachiya^45,55,56, J. S. Haggerty⁷, K. I. Hahn¹⁷, H. Hamagaki¹⁰, S. Y. Han^17,33, J. Hanks⁶¹, S. Hasegawa²⁹, X. He²⁰, T. K. Hemmick⁶¹, J. C. Hill²⁸, A. Hodges²⁰, R. S. Hollis⁸, K. Homma²², B. Hong³³, T. Hoshino²², J. Huang^7,38, S. Huang⁶⁵, Y. Ikeda⁵⁵, K. Imai²⁹, Y. Imazu⁵⁵, M. Inaba⁶⁴, A. Iordanova⁸, D. Isenhower¹, D. Ivanishchev⁵³, B. V. Jacak⁶¹, S. J. Jeon⁴⁴, M. Jezghani²⁰, Z. Ji⁶¹, J. Jia^7,60, X. Jiang³⁸, B. M. Johnson ^7,20, E. Joo³³, K. S. Joo⁴⁴, D. Jouan⁵², D. S. Jumper²⁵, J. H. Kang⁶⁸, J. S. Kang²¹, D. Kawall⁴¹, A. V. Kazantsev³⁴, J. A. Key⁴⁷, V. Khachatryan⁶¹, A. Khanzadeev⁵³, A. Khatiwada³⁸, K. Kihara⁶⁴, C. Kim³³, D. H. Kim¹⁷, D. J. Kim³¹, E.-J. Kim³⁰, H.-J. Kim⁶⁸, M. Kim⁵⁹, Y. K. Kim²¹, D. Kincses¹⁵, E. Kistenev⁷, J. Klatsky¹⁹, D. Kleinjan⁸, P. Kline⁶¹, T. Koblesky¹¹, M. Kofarago^15,67, J. Koster⁵⁶, D. Kotov^53,58, B. Kurgyis¹⁵, K. Kurita⁵⁷, M. Kurosawa^55,56, Y. Kwon⁶⁸, R. Lacey⁶⁰, J. G. Lajoie²⁸, D. Larionova⁵⁸, M. Larionova⁵⁸, A. Lebedev²⁸, K. B. Lee³⁸, S. H. Lee^28,42,61, M. J. Leitch³⁸, M. Leitgab²⁵, N. A. Lewis⁴², X. Li³⁸, S. H. Lim^11,54,68, M. X. Liu³⁸, S. Lökös¹⁵, D. Lynch⁷, T. Majoros¹⁴, Y. I. Makdisi⁶, M. Makek^66,69, A. Manion⁶¹, V. I. Manko³⁴, E. Mannel⁷, M. McCumber³⁸, P. L. McGaughey³⁸, D. McGlinchey^11,38, C. McKinney²⁵, A. Meles⁴⁸, M. Mendoza⁸, B. Meredith¹², W. J. Metzger¹⁶, Y. Miake⁶⁴, A. C. Mignerey⁴⁰, A. J. Miller¹, A. Milov⁶⁶, D. K. Mishra⁴, J. T. Mitchell⁷, Iu. Mitrankov⁵⁸, S. Miyasaka^55,63, S. Mizuno^55,64, P. Montuenga²⁵, T. Moon^33,68, D. P. Morrison⁷, S. I. Morrow⁶⁵, T. V. Moukhanova³⁴, B. Mulilo^33,55, T. Murakami^35,55, J. Murata^55,57, A. Mwai⁶⁰, S. Nagamiya^32,55, J. L. Nagle¹¹, M. I. Nagy¹⁵, I. Nakagawa^55,56, H. Nakagomi^55,64, K. Nakano^55,63, C. Nattrass⁶², S. Nelson¹⁸, P. K. Netrakanti⁴, M. Nihashi^22,55, T. Niida⁶⁴, R. Nouicer^7,56, N. Novitzky^31,61,64, A. S. Nyanin³⁴, E. O’Brien⁷, C. A. Ogilvie²⁸, J. D. Orjuela Koop¹¹, J. D. Osborn^42,51, A. Oskarsson³⁹, K. Ozawa^32,64, R. Pak⁷, V. Pantuev²⁶, V. Papavassiliou⁴⁸, S. Park^59,61, S. F. Pate⁴⁸, L. Patel²⁰, M. Patel²⁸, J.-C. Peng²⁵, W. Peng⁶⁵, D. V. Perepelitsa^7,11,12, G. D. N. Perera⁴⁸, D. Yu. Peressounko³⁴, C. E. PerezLara⁶¹, J. Perry²⁸, R. Petti^7,61, C. Pinkenburg⁷, R. Pinson¹, R. P. Pisani⁷, M. Potekhin⁷, A. Pun^48,50, M. L. Purschke⁷, P. V. Radzevich⁵⁸, J. Rak³¹, N. Ramasubramanian⁶¹, I. Ravinovich⁶⁶, K. F. Read^51,62, D. Reynolds⁶⁰, V. Riabov^46,53, Y. Riabov^53,58, D. Richford⁵, T. Rinn^25,28, N. Riveli⁵⁰, D. Roach⁶⁵, S. D. Rolnick⁸, M. Rosati²⁸, Z. Rowan⁵, J. G. Rubin⁴², J. Runchey²⁸, N. Saito³², T. Sakaguchi⁷, H. Sako²⁹, V. Samsonov^46,53, M. Sarsour²⁰, S. Sato²⁹, S. Sawada³², B. Schaefer⁶⁵, B. K. Schmoll⁶², K. Sedgwick⁸, J. Seele⁵⁶, R. Seidl^55,56, A. Sen^28,62, R. Seto⁸, P. Sett⁴, A. Sexton⁴⁰, D. Sharma⁶¹, I. Shein²⁴, T.-A. Shibata^55,63, K. Shigaki²², M. Shimomura^28,45, P. Shukla⁴, A. Sickles^7,25, C. L. Silva³⁸, D. Silvermyr^39,51, B. K. Singh³, C. P. Singh³, V. Singh³, M. Slunečka⁹, K. L. Smith¹⁹, R. A. Soltz³⁷, W. E. Sondheim³⁸, S. P. Sorensen⁶², I. V. Sourikova⁷, P. W. Stankus⁵¹, M. Stepanov^41,*, S. P. Stoll⁷, T. Sugitate²², A. Sukhanov⁷, T. Sumita⁵⁵, J. Sun⁶¹, X. Sun²⁰, Z. Sun¹⁴, J. Sziklai⁶⁷, A. Takahara¹⁰, A. Taketani^55,56, K. Tanida^29,56,59, M. J. Tannenbaum⁷, S. Tarafdar^65,66, A. Taranenko^46,60, A. Timilsina²⁸, T. Todoroki^55,56,64, M. Tomášek¹³, H. Torii¹⁰, M. Towell¹, R. Towell¹, R. S. Towell¹, I. Tserruya⁶⁶, Y. Ueda²², B. Ujvari¹⁴, H. W. van Hecke³⁸, M. Vargyas^15,67, J. Velkovska⁶⁵, M. Virius¹³, V. Vrba^13,27, E. Vznuzdaev⁵³, X. R. Wang^48,56, D. Watanabe²², Y. Watanabe^55,56, Y. S. Watanabe^10,32, F. Wei⁴⁸, S. Whitaker²⁸, S. Wolin²⁵, C. P. Wong^20,38, C. L. Woody⁷, Y. Wu⁸, M. Wysocki⁵¹, B. Xia⁵⁰, Q. Xu⁶⁵, L. Xue²⁰, S. Yalcin⁶¹, Y. L. Yamaguchi^10,61, A. Yanovich²⁴, I. Yoon⁵⁹, I. Younus³⁶, I. E. Yushmanov³⁴, W. A. Zajc¹², A. Zelenski⁶, Y. Zhai²⁸, S. Zharko⁵⁸, and L. Zou⁸ (PHENIX Collaboration)

¹Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
²Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
³Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
⁴Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
⁵Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
⁶Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
⁷Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
⁸University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
⁹Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36, Prague, Czech Republic
¹⁰Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
¹¹University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
¹²Columbia University, New York, New York 10027 and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
¹³Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
¹⁴Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
¹⁵ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
¹⁶Eszterházy Károly University, Károly Róbert Campus, H-3200 Gyöngyös, Mátrai út 36, Hungary
¹⁷Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
¹⁸Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, USA
¹⁹Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
²⁰Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
²¹Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
²²Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
²³Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
²⁴IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, 142281, Russia
²⁵University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
²⁶Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
²⁷Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
²⁸Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
²⁹Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
³⁰Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Korea
³¹Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
³²KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
³³Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
³⁴National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123098, Russia
³⁵Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
³⁶Physics Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
³⁷Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
³⁸Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
³⁹Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
⁴⁰University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
⁴¹Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
⁴²Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
⁴³Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
⁴⁴Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
⁴⁵Nara Women’s University, Kita-uoya Nishi-machi Nara 630-8506, Japan
⁴⁶National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
⁴⁷University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
⁴⁸New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
⁴⁹Physics and Astronomy Department, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, USA
⁵⁰Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
⁵¹Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
⁵²IPN-Orsay, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406, Orsay, France
⁵³PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region, 188300, Russia
⁵⁴Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
⁵⁵RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
⁵⁶RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
⁵⁷Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
⁵⁸Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, 195251 Russia
⁵⁹Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
⁶⁰Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
⁶¹Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
⁶²University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
⁶³Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
⁶⁴Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
⁶⁵Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
⁶⁶Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
⁶⁷Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, P.O. Box 49, Budapest, Hungary
⁶⁸Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
⁶⁹Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička c. 32 HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia

^*Deceased.
^†akiba@rcf.rhic.bnl.gov

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Phys. Rev. D 102, 092002 – Published 10 November, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.102.092002

Abstract

The cross section of bottom quark-antiquark ( $b \bar{b}$ ) production in $p + p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 510 GeV$ is measured with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The results are based on the yield of high mass, like-sign muon pairs measured within the PHENIX muon arm acceptance ( $1.2 < | y | < 2.2$ ). The $b \bar{b}$ signal is extracted from like-sign dimuons by utilizing the unique properties of neutral $B$ meson oscillation. We report a differential cross section of $d σ_{b \bar{b} \to μ^{\pm} μ^{\pm}} / d y = 0.16 \pm 0.01 (stat) \pm 0.02 (syst) \pm 0.02 (global) nb$ for like-sign muons in the rapidity and $p_{T}$ ranges $1.2 < | y | < 2.2$ and $p_{T} > 1 GeV / c$ , and dimuon mass of $5 - 10 GeV / c^{2}$ . The extrapolated total cross section at this energy for $b \bar{b}$ production is $13.1 \pm 0.6 (stat) \pm 1.5 (syst) \pm 2.7 (global) μ b$ . The total cross section is compared to a perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculation and is consistent within uncertainties. The azimuthal opening angle between muon pairs from $b \bar{b}$ decays and their $p_{T}$ distributions are compared to distributions generated using ps pythia6, which includes next-to-leading order processes. The azimuthal correlations and pair $p_{T}$ distribution are not very well described by pythia calculations, but are still consistent within uncertainties. Flavor creation and flavor excitation subprocesses are favored over gluon splitting.

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Article Text

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Phys. Rev. D 102, 092002– Published 10 November, 2020

Vol. 102, Iss. 9 — 1 November 2020

Received 2 June 2020
Accepted 28 September 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.102.092002

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP³.

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Physical Review D

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Production of $b \bar{b}$ at forward rapidity in $p + p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 510 GeV$

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Production of bb¯ at forward rapidity in p+p collisions at s=510 GeV

Abstract

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

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References (46)

Production of $b \bar{b}$ at forward rapidity in $p + p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 510 GeV$