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Studies of $X (3872)$ and $ψ (2 S)$ production in $p \bar{p}$ collisions at 1.96 TeV

V. M. Abazov³¹, B. Abbott⁶⁷, B. S. Acharya²⁵, M. Adams⁴⁶, T. Adams⁴⁴, J. P. Agnew⁴¹, G. D. Alexeev³¹, G. Alkhazov³⁵, A. Alton^56,b et al. (D0 Collaboration)

A. Alton^56,b, A. Askew⁴⁴, S. Atkins⁵⁴, K. Augsten⁷, V. Aushev³⁸, Y. Aushev³⁸, C. Avila⁵, F. Badaud¹⁰, L. Bagby⁴⁵, B. Baldin⁴⁵, D. V. Bandurin⁷⁴, S. Banerjee²⁵, E. Barberis⁵⁵, P. Baringer⁵³, J. F. Bartlett⁴⁵, U. Bassler¹⁵, V. Bazterra⁴⁶, A. Bean⁵³, M. Begalli², L. Bellantoni⁴⁵, S. B. Beri²³, G. Bernardi¹⁴, R. Bernhard¹⁹, I. Bertram³⁹, M. Besançon¹⁵, R. Beuselinck⁴⁰, P. C. Bhat⁴⁵, S. Bhatia⁵⁸, V. Bhatnagar²³, G. Blazey⁴⁷, S. Blessing⁴⁴, K. Bloom⁵⁹, A. Boehnlein⁴⁵, D. Boline⁶⁴, E. E. Boos³³, G. Borissov³⁹, M. Borysova^38,c, A. Brandt⁷¹, O. Brandt²⁰, M. Brochmann⁷⁵, R. Brock⁵⁷, A. Bross⁴⁵, D. Brown¹⁴, X. B. Bu⁴⁵, M. Buehler⁴⁵, V. Buescher²¹, V. Bunichev³³, S. Burdin^39,d, C. P. Buszello³⁷, E. Camacho-Pérez²⁸, B. C. K. Casey⁴⁵, H. Castilla-Valdez²⁸, S. Caughron⁵⁷, S. Chakrabarti⁶⁴, K. M. Chan⁵¹, A. Chandra⁷³, E. Chapon¹⁵, G. Chen⁵³, S. W. Cho²⁷, S. Choi²⁷, B. Choudhary²⁴, S. Cihangir^45,a, D. Claes⁵⁹, J. Clutter⁵³, M. Cooke^45,e, W. E. Cooper⁴⁵, M. Corcoran^73,a, F. Couderc¹⁵, M.-C. Cousinou¹², J. Cuth²¹, D. Cutts⁷⁰, A. Das⁷², G. Davies⁴⁰, S. J. de Jong^29,30, E. De La Cruz-Burelo²⁸, F. Déliot¹⁵, R. Demina⁶³, D. Denisov⁶⁵, S. P. Denisov³⁴, S. Desai⁴⁵, C. Deterre^41,f, K. DeVaughan⁵⁹, H. T. Diehl⁴⁵, M. Diesburg⁴⁵, P. F. Ding⁴¹, A. Dominguez⁵⁹, A. Drutskoy ^32,g, A. Dubey²⁴, L. V. Dudko³³, A. Duperrin¹², S. Dutt²³, M. Eads⁴⁷, D. Edmunds⁵⁷, J. Ellison⁴³, V. D. Elvira⁴⁵, Y. Enari¹⁴, H. Evans⁴⁹, A. Evdokimov⁴⁶, V. N. Evdokimov³⁴, A. Fauré¹⁵, L. Feng⁴⁷, T. Ferbel⁶³, F. Fiedler²¹, F. Filthaut^29,30, W. Fisher⁵⁷, H. E. Fisk⁴⁵, M. Fortner⁴⁷, H. Fox³⁹, J. Franc⁷, S. Fuess⁴⁵, P. H. Garbincius⁴⁵, A. Garcia-Bellido⁶³, J. A. García-González²⁸, V. Gavrilov³², W. Geng^12,57, C. E. Gerber⁴⁶, Y. Gershtein⁶⁰, G. Ginther⁴⁵, O. Gogota³⁸, G. Golovanov³¹, P. D. Grannis⁶⁴, S. Greder¹⁶, H. Greenlee⁴⁵, G. Grenier¹⁷, Ph. Gris¹⁰, J.-F. Grivaz¹³, A. Grohsjean^15,f, S. Grünendahl⁴⁵, M. W. Grünewald²⁶, T. Guillemin¹³, G. Gutierrez⁴⁵, P. Gutierrez⁶⁷, J. Haley⁶⁸, L. Han⁴, K. Harder⁴¹, A. Harel⁶³, J. M. Hauptman⁵², J. Hays⁴⁰, T. Head⁴¹, T. Hebbeker¹⁸, D. Hedin⁴⁷, H. Hegab⁶⁸, A. P. Heinson⁴³, U. Heintz⁷⁰, C. Hensel¹, I. Heredia-De La Cruz^28,h, K. Herner⁴⁵, G. Hesketh^41,i, M. D. Hildreth⁵¹, R. Hirosky⁷⁴, T. Hoang⁴⁴, J. D. Hobbs⁶⁴, B. Hoeneisen⁹, J. Hogan⁷³, M. Hohlfeld²¹, J. L. Holzbauer⁵⁸, I. Howley⁷¹, Z. Hubacek^7,15, V. Hynek⁷, I. Iashvili⁶², Y. Ilchenko⁷², R. Illingworth⁴⁵, A. S. Ito⁴⁵, S. Jabeen^45,j, M. Jaffré¹³, A. Jayasinghe⁶⁷, M. S. Jeong²⁷, R. Jesik⁴⁰, P. Jiang^4,a, K. Johns⁴², E. Johnson⁵⁷, M. Johnson⁴⁵, A. Jonckheere⁴⁵, P. Jonsson⁴⁰, J. Joshi⁴³, A. W. Jung^45,k, A. Juste³⁶, E. Kajfasz¹², D. Karmanov³³, I. Katsanos⁵⁹, M. Kaur²³, R. Kehoe⁷², S. Kermiche¹², N. Khalatyan⁴⁵, A. Khanov⁶⁸, A. Kharchilava⁶², Y. N. Kharzheev³¹, I. Kiselevich³², J. M. Kohli²³, A. V. Kozelov³⁴, J. Kraus⁵⁸, A. Kumar⁶², A. Kupco⁸, T. Kurča¹⁷, V. A. Kuzmin³³, S. Lammers⁴⁹, P. Lebrun¹⁷, H. S. Lee²⁷, S. W. Lee⁵², W. M. Lee^45,a, X. Lei⁴², J. Lellouch¹⁴, D. Li¹⁴, H. Li⁷⁴, L. Li⁴³, Q. Z. Li⁴⁵, J. K. Lim²⁷, D. Lincoln⁴⁵, J. Linnemann⁵⁷, V. V. Lipaev^34,a, R. Lipton⁴⁵, H. Liu⁷², Y. Liu⁴, A. Lobodenko³⁵, M. Lokajicek⁸, R. Lopes de Sa⁴⁵, R. Luna-Garcia^28,l, A. L. Lyon⁴⁵, A. K. A. Maciel¹, R. Madar¹⁹, R. Magaña-Villalba²⁸, S. Malik⁵⁹, V. L. Malyshev³¹, J. Mansour²⁰, J. Martínez-Ortega²⁸, R. McCarthy⁶⁴, C. L. McGivern⁴¹, M. M. Meijer^29,30, A. Melnitchouk⁴⁵, D. Menezes⁴⁷, P. G. Mercadante³, M. Merkin³³, A. Meyer¹⁸, J. Meyer^20,m, F. Miconi¹⁶, N. K. Mondal²⁵, M. Mulhearn⁷⁴, E. Nagy¹², M. Narain⁷⁰, R. Nayyar⁴², H. A. Neal^56,a, J. P. Negret⁵, P. Neustroev³⁵, H. T. Nguyen⁷⁴, T. Nunnemann²², J. Orduna⁷⁰, N. Osman¹², A. Pal⁷¹, N. Parashar⁵⁰, V. Parihar⁷⁰, S. K. Park²⁷, R. Partridge^70,n, N. Parua⁴⁹, A. Patwa^65,e, B. Penning⁴⁰, M. Perfilov³³, Y. Peters⁴¹, K. Petridis⁴¹, G. Petrillo⁶³, P. Pétroff¹³, M.-A. Pleier⁶⁵, V. M. Podstavkov⁴⁵, A. V. Popov³⁴, M. Prewitt⁷³, D. Price⁴¹, N. Prokopenko³⁴, J. Qian⁵⁶, A. Quadt²⁰, B. Quinn⁵⁸, P. N. Ratoff³⁹, I. Razumov³⁴, I. Ripp-Baudot¹⁶, F. Rizatdinova⁶⁸, M. Rominsky⁴⁵, A. Ross³⁹, C. Royon⁸, P. Rubinov⁴⁵, R. Ruchti⁵¹, G. Sajot¹¹, A. Sánchez-Hernández²⁸, M. P. Sanders²², A. S. Santos^1,o, G. Savage⁴⁵, M. Savitskyi³⁸, L. Sawyer⁵⁴, T. Scanlon⁴⁰, R. D. Schamberger⁶⁴, Y. Scheglov^35,a, H. Schellman^69,48, M. Schott²¹, C. Schwanenberger⁴¹, R. Schwienhorst⁵⁷, J. Sekaric⁵³, H. Severini⁶⁷, E. Shabalina²⁰, V. Shary¹⁵, S. Shaw⁴¹, A. A. Shchukin³⁴, O. Shkola³⁸, V. Simak^7,a, P. Skubic⁶⁷, P. Slattery⁶³, G. R. Snow^59,a, J. Snow⁶⁶, S. Snyder⁶⁵, S. Söldner-Rembold⁴¹, L. Sonnenschein¹⁸, K. Soustruznik⁶, J. Stark¹¹, N. Stefaniuk³⁸, D. A. Stoyanova³⁴, M. Strauss⁶⁷, L. Suter⁴¹, P. Svoisky⁷⁴, M. Titov¹⁵, V. V. Tokmenin³¹, Y.-T. Tsai⁶³, D. Tsybychev⁶⁴, B. Tuchming¹⁵, C. Tully⁶¹, L. Uvarov³⁵, S. Uvarov³⁵, S. Uzunyan⁴⁷, R. Van Kooten⁴⁹, W. M. van Leeuwen²⁹, N. Varelas⁴⁶, E. W. Varnes⁴², I. A. Vasilyev³⁴, A. Y. Verkheev³¹, L. S. Vertogradov³¹, M. Verzocchi⁴⁵, M. Vesterinen⁴¹, D. Vilanova¹⁵, P. Vokac⁷, H. D. Wahl⁴⁴, C. Wang⁴, M. H. L. S. Wang⁴⁵, J. Warchol^51,a, G. Watts⁷⁵, M. Wayne⁵¹, J. Weichert²¹, L. Welty-Rieger⁴⁸, M. R. J. Williams^49,p, G. W. Wilson⁵³, M. Wobisch⁵⁴, D. R. Wood⁵⁵, T. R. Wyatt⁴¹, Y. Xie⁴⁵, R. Yamada⁴⁵, S. Yang⁴, T. Yasuda⁴⁵, Y. A. Yatsunenko^31,a, W. Ye⁶⁴, Z. Ye⁴⁵, H. Yin⁴⁵, K. Yip⁶⁵, S. W. Youn⁴⁵, J. M. Yu⁵⁶, J. Zennamo⁶², T. G. Zhao⁴¹, B. Zhou⁵⁶, J. Zhu⁵⁶, M. Zielinski⁶³, D. Zieminska⁴⁹, and L. Zivkovic^14,q (D0 Collaboration)

¹LAFEX, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290, Brazil
²Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550, Brazil
³Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP 09210, Brazil
⁴University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
⁵Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, 111711, Colombia
⁶Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Center for Particle Physics, 116 36 Prague 1, Czech Republic
⁷Czech Technical University in Prague, 116 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
⁸Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
⁹Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito 170157, Ecuador
¹⁰LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont, F-63178 Aubière Cedex, France
¹¹LPSC, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, F-38026 Grenoble Cedex, France
¹²CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
¹³LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91898 Orsay Cedex, France
¹⁴LPNHE, Universités Paris VI and VII, CNRS/IN2P3, F-75005 Paris, France
¹⁵IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
¹⁶IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
¹⁷IPNL, Université Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France and Université de Lyon, F-69361 Lyon CEDEX 07, France
¹⁸III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
¹⁹Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
²⁰II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
²¹Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
²²Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 München, Germany
²³Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
²⁴Delhi University, Delhi-110 007, India
²⁵Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai-400 005, India
²⁶University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
²⁷Korea Detector Laboratory, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
²⁸CINVESTAV, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
²⁹Nikhef, Science Park, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
³⁰Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
³¹Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
³²Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
³³Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
³⁴Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region 142281, Russia
³⁵Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg 188300, Russia
³⁶Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) and Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
³⁷Uppsala University, 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden
³⁸Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
³⁹Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
⁴⁰Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
⁴¹The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
⁴²University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
⁴³University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
⁴⁴Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
⁴⁵Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
⁴⁶University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
⁴⁷Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
⁴⁸Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
⁴⁹Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
⁵⁰Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, Indiana 46323, USA
⁵¹University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
⁵²Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
⁵³University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
⁵⁴Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, USA
⁵⁵Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
⁵⁶University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
⁵⁷Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
⁵⁸University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
⁵⁹University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
⁶⁰Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, USA
⁶¹Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
⁶²State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
⁶³University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
⁶⁴State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
⁶⁵Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
⁶⁶Langston University, Langston, Oklahoma 73050, USA
⁶⁷University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
⁶⁸Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
⁶⁹Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
⁷⁰Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
⁷¹University of Texas, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
⁷²Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
⁷³Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
⁷⁴University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
⁷⁵University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA

^aDeceased.
^bVisitors from Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA.
^cVisitors from Kiev Institute for Nuclear Research (KINR), Kyiv 03680, Ukraine.
^dVisitors from The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom.
^eVisitors from Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C. 20585, USA.
^fVisitors from Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, Germany.
^gVisitors from P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
^hVisitors from CONACyT, M-03940 Mexico City, Mexico.
ⁱVisitors from University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
^jVisitors from University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
^kVisitors from Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
^lVisitors from Centro de Investigacion en Computacion—IPN, CP 07738 Mexico City, Mexico.
^mVisitors from Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)—Steinbuch Centre for Computing (SCC), D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
ⁿVisitors from SLAC, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
^oVisitors from Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, SP 01140, Brazil.
^pVisitors from European Orgnaization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
^qVisitors from Institute of Physics, Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.

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Phys. Rev. D 102, 072005 – Published 13 October, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.102.072005

Abstract

We present various properties of the production of the $X (3872)$ and $ψ (2 S)$ states based on $10.4 {fb}^{- 1}$ collected by the D0 experiment in Tevatron $p \bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV$ . For both states, we measure the nonprompt fraction $f_{N P}$ of the inclusive production rate due to decays of $b$ -flavored hadrons. We find the $f_{N P}$ values systematically below those obtained at the LHC. The $f_{N P}$ fraction for $ψ (2 S)$ increases with transverse momentum, whereas for the $X (3872)$ it is constant within large uncertainties, in agreement with the LHC results. The ratio of prompt to nonprompt $ψ (2 S)$ production, $(1 - f_{N P}) / f_{N P}$ , decreases only slightly going from the Tevatron to the LHC, but for the $X (3872)$ , this ratio decreases by a factor of about 3. We test the soft-pion signature of the $X (3872)$ modeled as a weakly bound charm-meson pair by studying the production of the $X (3872)$ as a function of the kinetic energy of the $X (3872)$ and the pion in the $X (3872) π$ center-of-mass frame. For a subsample consistent with prompt production, the results are incompatible with a strong enhancement in the production of the $X (3872)$ at the small kinetic energy of the $X (3872)$ and the $π$ in the $X (3872) π$ center-of-mass frame expected for the $X + soft$ -pion production mechanism. For events consistent with being due to decays of $b$ hadrons, there is no significant evidence for the soft-pion effect, but its presence at the level expected for the binding energy of 0.17 MeV and the momentum scale $Λ = M (π)$ is not ruled out.

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Phys. Rev. D 102, 072005– Published 13 October, 2020

Vol. 102, Iss. 7 — 1 October 2020

Received 28 July 2020
Accepted 11 September 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.102.072005

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP³.

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Studies of $X (3872)$ and $ψ (2 S)$ production in $p \bar{p}$ collisions at 1.96 TeV

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Studies of X(3872) and ψ(2S) production in pp¯ collisions at 1.96 TeV

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Studies of $X (3872)$ and $ψ (2 S)$ production in $p \bar{p}$ collisions at 1.96 TeV