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Modeling emission of acoustic energy during bubble expansion in PICO bubble chambers
Phys. Rev. D 100, 052001 – Published 3 September, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.052001
Abstract
The PICO experiment uses bubble chambers filled with superheated for spin-dependent weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter searches. One of the main sources of background in these detectors is alpha particles from decays of environmental , which nucleate bubbles that are visually indistinguishable from WIMP candidate events. Alpha-induced bubbles can be discriminated acoustically, because the signal from alpha events is consistently larger in magnitude than that from nuclear-recoil-/WIMP-like events. By studying the dynamics of bubbles nucleated by these two types of ionizing radiation from the first stages of their growth, we present a physical model for the acoustic discrimination for the first time. The distribution of acoustic energies that we generate for a simulated sample of bubble nucleations by alpha particles and nuclear recoils is compared directly to the experimental data.
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