Intranuclear cascading in photographic emulsion at accelerator and cosmic-ray energies

R. E. Gibbs; J. R. Florian; L. D. Kirkpatrick; J. J. Lord; J. W. Martin

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.10.783

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Intranuclear cascading in photographic emulsion at accelerator and cosmic-ray energies

R. E. Gibbs

J. R. Florian, L. D. Kirkpatrick, J. J. Lord, and J. W. Martin

Department of Physics, Eastern Washington State College, Cheney, Washington 99004

Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195

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Phys. Rev. D 10, 783 – Published 1 August, 1974

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.10.783

Abstract

The data on the interactions of cosmic-ray protons in nuclear emulsion have been analyzed in light of the results of recent exposures of emulsion to accelerator protons. Plots of $〈 {log}_{10} tan θ 〉$ as a function of the number of evaporation prongs, $N_{h}$ , display an energy-independent behavior which is exploited to determine the energies of cosmic-ray events. It is found that the energies quoted in the literature are generally too high. The average charged multiplicity is linearly related to $N_{h}$ from 30 GeV to 5 TeV. While a model of nuclear cascading based on direct production is consistent with these data from 30 GeV to 500 GeV, a model proceeding through an intermediate state gives better agreement at cosmic-ray energies.

References (28)

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P. M. Fishbane and J. S. Trefil, Nucl. Phys. B58, 261 (1973) Phys. Rev. Lett. 31, 734 (1973) SUNY Report No. ITP-SB-73-36, 1973 (unpublished)
K. Gottfried, CERN Report No. TH 1735-CERN, 1973 (unpublished)
R. E. Gibbs, J. J. Lord, and E. R. Goza, in Proceedings of the Sixth Interamerican Seminar on Cosmic Rays, La Paz, Bolivia, 1970 (Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, 1970), Vol. 41, p. 1019
R. Hołyński, S. Krzywdziński, and K. Zaleswski (unpublished)
J. Babecki, Z. Czachowska, B. Furmanska, J. Gierula, R. Hołyński, A. Jurak, S. Krzywdziński, G. Nowak, B. Slezak, and W. Wolter (unpublished)
E. R. Goza, thesis, University of Washington, 1962 (unpublished)
Omitted endnote
B. Furmanska and B. Slezak, private communication, 1973
J. Babecki, J. Z. Czachowska, B. Furmańska, J. Gierula, R. Hołyński, A. Jurak, S. Krzywdziński, G. Nowak, B. Slezak, and W. Wolter, Phys. Lett. 47B, 268 (1973)
J. Hébert et al., Barcelona-Batavia-Belgrade-Bucharest-Lund Lyon-McGill-Nancy-Ottawa-Paris-Quebec-Rome-Valencia Collaboration, Experiments on High Energy Particle Collisions—1973, proceedings of the international conference on new results from experiments on high energy particle collisions, Vanderbilt University, 1973, edited by Robert S. Panvini (A.I.P., New York, 1973) in Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on High Energy Physics and Nuclear Structure, Uppsala, Sweden, 1973 (unpublished)
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[c1] A. Dar and J. Vary, Phys. Rev. D 6, 2412 (1972)

[c2] P. M. Fishbane and J. S. Trefil, Nucl. Phys. B58, 261 (1973) Phys. Rev. Lett. 31, 734 (1973) SUNY Report No. ITP-SB-73-36, 1973 (unpublished)

[c3] K. Gottfried, CERN Report No. TH 1735-CERN, 1973 (unpublished)

[c4] R. E. Gibbs, J. J. Lord, and E. R. Goza, in Proceedings of the Sixth Interamerican Seminar on Cosmic Rays, La Paz, Bolivia, 1970 (Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, 1970), Vol. 41, p. 1019

[c5] R. Hołyński, S. Krzywdziński, and K. Zaleswski (unpublished)

[c6] J. Babecki, Z. Czachowska, B. Furmanska, J. Gierula, R. Hołyński, A. Jurak, S. Krzywdziński, G. Nowak, B. Slezak, and W. Wolter (unpublished)

[c7] E. R. Goza, thesis, University of Washington, 1962 (unpublished)

[c8] Omitted endnote

[c9] B. Furmanska and B. Slezak, private communication, 1973

[c10] J. Babecki, J. Z. Czachowska, B. Furmańska, J. Gierula, R. Hołyński, A. Jurak, S. Krzywdziński, G. Nowak, B. Slezak, and W. Wolter, Phys. Lett. 47B, 268 (1973)

[c11] J. Hébert et al., Barcelona-Batavia-Belgrade-Bucharest-Lund Lyon-McGill-Nancy-Ottawa-Paris-Quebec-Rome-Valencia Collaboration, Experiments on High Energy Particle Collisions—1973, proceedings of the international conference on new results from experiments on high energy particle collisions, Vanderbilt University, 1973, edited by Robert S. Panvini (A.I.P., New York, 1973) in Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on High Energy Physics and Nuclear Structure, Uppsala, Sweden, 1973 (unpublished)

[c12] E. Lohrmann, M. Teucher, and M. Schein, Phys. Rev. 122, 672 (1961)

[c13] K. Rybicki and W. Wolter, Polish Institute of Nuclear Research, Report "P" No. 1127/VII/PH (unpublished)

[c14] A. G. Barkow, B. Chamany, D. M. Haskin, P. L. Jain, E. Lohrmann, M. W. Teucher, and M. Schein, Phys. Rev. 122, 617 (1961)

[c15] ICEF Collaboration, Brisbout et al., Nuovo Cimento Suppl. Series I, 1, 1039 (1963)

[c16] M. Koshiba, C. H. Tsao, C. L. Deney, R. Fricken, R. W. Huggett, B. Hildebrand, R. Silberberg, and J. Lord, Nuovo Cimento Suppl. Series I, 1, 1091 (1963)

[c17] M. Koshiba, in Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Cosmic Rays, Jaipur, India, 1963, edited by R. R. Daniel (Commerical Printing Press, Bombay, India, 1964) [21,22]

[c18] S. N. Ganguli and P. K. Malhotra, Phys. Lett. 42B, 83 (1972)

[c19] H. Meyer, M. W. Teucher, and E. Lohrmann, Nuovo Cimento 28, 1399 (1963)

[c20] C. Castagnoli, G. Moreno, D. Moreno, C. Franzinetti, and A. Manfredini, Nuovo Cimento 10, 1539 (1953)

[c21] C. O. Kim, Phys. Rev. 158, 1261 (1967)

[c22] F. Abraham et al., Phys. Rev. 159, 1110 (1967)

[c23] H. Winzeler, Nucl. Phys. 69, 661 (1965)

[c24] [19,23]

[c25] G. Charlton et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 29, 515 (1972)

[c26] J. R. Florian, L. D. Kirkpatrick, J. J. Lord, J. Martin, R. E. Gibbs, P. Kotzer, and R. Piserchio, Particles and Fields—1973, edited by H. H. Bingham, M. Davier, and G. R. Lynch (A.I.P., New York, 1973)

[c27] J. Hebert et al., Barcelona-Batavia-Belgrade-Bucharest-Lund-Lyon-McGill-Nancy-Ottawa-Paris- Quebec-Rome-Valencia collaboration (unpublished)

[c28] P. M. Fishbane and J. S. Trefil, Phys. Rev. D 9, 168 (1974)

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Intranuclear cascading in photographic emulsion at accelerator and cosmic-ray energies

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References (28)

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