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Ground-based gravitational wave detector using rapidly repeated free-falling test masses

Shoki Iwaguchi ^1,*, Bin Wu ², Kurumi Umemura ¹, Tomohiro Ishikawa ¹, Kenji Tsuji ¹, Ryota Nishimura ³, Yuta Michimura ^4,5, Yutaro Enomoto ⁶, Soichiro Morisaki⁷ et al.

Yoichi Aso ⁸, Tomotada Akutsu ⁸, Keiko Kokeyama ^1,9,10, and Seiji Kawamura ¹

¹Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
²Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
³Equipment Development Support section, Technical Center of Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
⁴Research Center for the Early Universe (RESCEU), Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
⁵Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU), WPI, UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8568, Japan
⁶Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
⁷Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
⁸National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
⁹The Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
¹⁰School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom

^*Contact author: iwaguchi_s@u.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp

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Phys. Rev. D 114, 044029 – Published 11 August, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/492m-xztx

Abstract

We propose the jiggled interferometer (JIGI), a novel ground-based gravitational wave detector employing low-frequency noise mitigation similar to that of space-based detectors. Using rapidly repeated free-fall test masses, JIGI eliminates seismic and suspension thermal noise during free fall. Compared to the juggled interferometer, it offers improved angular stability and avoids tracking lasers. We analyze detrending—a required step to remove actuation-induced noise—and show sensitivity gains of about four orders of magnitude in the 0.1–0.3 Hz band, relative to seismic and suspension noise extrapolated from the Cosmic Explorer.

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References (26)

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Ground-based gravitational wave detector using rapidly repeated free-falling test masses

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