- Access by Xinjiang University
Blast of light fragments from central heavy-ion collisions
Phys. Rev. C 46, 2002 – Published 1 November, 1992
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.46.2002
Abstract
The effects of collective expansion on light-fragment emission from central heavy-ion collisions are studied by carrying out calculations in a transport model with dynamic production of A≤3 fragments. Beam energies of few hundred MeV/nucleon are considered. In the simulations the formation of a region of dense excited nuclear matter is observed, which expands in transverse directions. The expansion is reflected in the angular distributions and in the mean transverse energies of emitted fragments. At the late stage of expansion the characteristic features of local thermodynamic equilibrium are identified. Different particles share nearly the same collective energy per nucleon, and nearly the same thermal energy. The calculated mean transverse energies of the fragments reflect the collective energy whose magnitude varies with impact parameter. However, the fragment energies only partially agree with available data. The calculated spectra exhibit different slopes at angles around c.m. 90° in central reactions.
References (25)
- W. Scheid, B. Müller and W. Greiner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 32, 741 (1974); M. I. Sobel, P. J. Siemens, J. P. Bondorf and H. A. Bethe, Nucl. Phys. A251, 502 (1975).
- P. J. Siemens and J. O. Rasmussen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 880 (1975); H. Stöcker, A. A. Ogloblin and W. Greiner, Z. Phys. A 303, 253 (1981).
- H. Å. Gustafsson, H. H. Gutbrod, B. Kolb, H. Löhner, B. Ludewigt, A. M. Poskanzer, T. Renner, H. Riedesel, H. G. Ritter, A. Warkwick, F. Weik and H. Wieman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1590 (1984); R. E. Renfordt, D. Schall, R. Bock, R. Brockmann, J. W. Harris, A. Sandoval, R. Stock, H. Ströbele, D. Bangert, W. Rauch, G. Odyniec, H. G. Pugh and L. S. Schroeder, ibid. 53, 763 (1984).
- P. Danielewicz, H. Ströbele, G. Odyniec, D. Bangert, R. Bock, R. Brockmann, J. W. Harris, H. G. Pugh, W. Rauch, R. E. Renfordt, A. Sandoval, D. Schall, L. S. Schroeder, and R. Stock, in Proceedings of the XV Workshop on Gross Properties of Nuclei and Nuclear Excitations, Hirschegg, 1987, edited by H. Feldmeier (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, 1986), p. 91; Phys. Rev. C 38, 120 (1988).
- H. H. Gutbrod, K. H. Kampert, B. Kolb, A. M. Poskanzer, H. G. Ritter and H. R. Schmidt, Phys. Lett. B 216, 267 (1989).
- W. K. Wilson, W. Benenson, D. A. Cebra, J. Clayton, S. Howden, J. Karn, T. Li, C. A. Ogilvie, A. Vander Molen, G. D. Westfall, J. S. Winfield, B. Young and A. Nadasen, Phys. Rev. C 41, R1881 (1990).
- G. Claesson, G. Krebs, J. Miller, G. Roche, L. S. Schroeder, W. Benenson, J. van der Plicht, J. S. Winfield, G. Landaud, J.-F. Gilot, C. Hartnack and H. Stöcker, Phys. Lett. B 251, 23 (1990).
- H. Å. Gustafsson, H. H. Gutbrod, K. H. Kampert, B. W. Kolb, A. M. Poskanzer, H. G. Ritter and H. R. Schmidt, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 3, 1323 (1988).
- H. W. Barz, J. P. Bondorf, R. Donangelo, R. Elmér, F. S. Hansen, B. Jakobsson, L. Karlsson, H. Nifenecker, H. Schultz, F. Schussler, K. Sneppen and K. Söderström, Nucl. Phys. A531, 453 (1991).
- P. Danielewicz and G. F. Bertsch, Nucl. Phys. A533, 712 (1991).
- P. Danielewicz, Nucl. Phys. A545, 21c (1992).
- P. Danielewicz and P. Schuck, Phys. Lett. B 274, 268 (1992).
- E. A. Remler, in The Physics of Phase Space, edited by Y. S. Kim and W. W. Zachary (Springer, Berlin, 1986).
- G. Röpke and H. Schulz, Nucl. Phys. A477, 472 (1988).
- K. Wildermuth and Y. C. Tang, A Unified Theory of the Nucleus (Vieweg, Braunschwig, 1977).
- R. J. Griffiths and S. A. Harbison, Appl. J. 158, 711 (1969); A. M. Sourkes, A. Houdayer, W. T. H. van Oers, R. F. Carlson and R. E. Brown, Phys. Rev. C 13, 451 (1976); A. V. Blinov et al., Yad. Fiz. 35, 523 (1982) [Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 35, 301 (1982)].
- H. Feldmeier and P. Danielewicz, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory Report MSUCL-833 (1992).
- L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifschitz, Fluid Mechanics (Pergamon, London, 1959).
- A. Lang, B. Blättel, W. Cassing, V. Koch, U. Mosel and K. Weber, Z. Phys. A 340, 287 (1991).
- M. Berenguer, C. Hartnack, G. Peilert, H. Stöcker, W. Greiner, J. Aichelin and A. Rosenhauer, J. Phys. G 18, 655 (1992).
- H. Stöcker, G. Buchwald, G. Graebner, J. Theis, J. A. Maruhn and W. Greiner, Nucl. Phys. A387, 205c (1982); H. Stöcker and W. Greiner, Phys. Rep. 137, 277 (1986).
- H. H. Gutbrod, A. M. Poskanzer and H. G. Ritter, Rep. Prog. Phys. 52, 1267 (1989).
- V. I. Manko and S. Nagamiya, Nucl. Phys. A384, 475 (1982).
- H.-A. Gustafsson, H. H. Gutbrod, B. Kolb, H. Löhner, B. Ludewigt, A. M. Poskanzer, T. Renner, H. Riedesel, H. G. Ritter, A. Warwick and H. Wieman, Phys. Lett. 142B, 141 (1984).
- S. C. Jeong, A. Gobbi, and T. Wienold, in Proceedings of the 30th International Winter Meeting on Nuclear Physics, Bormio, 1992, edited by I. Iori (Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Universitá, Milano, 1992) p. 1; Z. G. Fan, Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung Report GSI-92-11 (1992).