• Accepted Paper

Exploring Grassmann manifolds in topological systems via quantum distance

Shin-Ming Huang and Dimitrios Giataganas

Phys. Rev. B - Accepted 23 April, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/qdv4-79lc

Abstract

Quantum states defined over a parameter space form a Grassmann manifold. To capture the geometry of the associated gauge structure, gauge-invariant quantities are essential. We employ the projector of a multilevel system to quantify the quantum distance between states. Using the multidimensional scaling method, we transform the quantum distance into a reconstructed manifold embedded in Euclidean space. This approach is demonstrated with examples of topological systems, showcasing their topological features within these manifolds. Our method provides a comprehensive view of the manifold, rather than focusing on local properties.

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