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Off-diagonal dipolar interactions in the mixed Ising-XY magnet LiHoxEr1−xF4

Tomer Dollberg and Moshe Schechter

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Phys. Rev. B 114, 084430 – Published 27 August, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/4j7m-kx4d

Abstract

We theoretically investigate the influence of off-diagonal dipolar interactions in the mixed-anisotropy magnet LiHoxEr1−xF4. Motivated by experimental observations showing an unexpectedly rapid suppression of the ferromagnetic transition temperature Tc upon substitution of Ho by Er ions, we use Monte Carlo simulations incorporating off-diagonal dipolar terms to elucidate the underlying physical mechanism. Our results reveal that, unlike in the diluted magnet LiHoxY1−xF4, where dilution weakens the effect of these interactions, substitution by planar Er ions amplifies it. This leads to a pronounced reduction of Tc, closely matching experimental data, thereby providing a natural explanation for discrepancies with mean-field predictions. The findings underscore the essential role of off-diagonal dipolar interactions in determining the magnetic properties of mixed-anisotropy dipolar systems.

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Phys. Rev. B 114, 084430– Published 27 August, 2026
  • Received 3 August 2025
  • Revised 19 June 2026
  • Accepted 7 August 2026
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