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Design principles for enhanced quantum transport with site-dependent noise

Maggie Lawrence1,2,*, Elise Wang3,†, and Dvira Segal4,1,‡

  • 1Department of Physics and Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, 60 Saint George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
  • 2Vector Institute, W1140-108 College Street, Schwartz Reisman Innovation Campus Toronto, Ontario M5G 0C6, Canada
  • 3Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
  • 4Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada

  • *Contact author: maggie.lawrence@mail.utoronto.ca
  • †Contact author: elisew.wang@mail.utoronto.ca
  • ‡Contact author: dvira.segal@utoronto.ca
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Phys. Rev. B 114, 034210 – Published 24 July, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/2h1t-vbqc

Abstract

Environmental noise can enhance transport, an effect known as environment-assisted quantum transport. Most theoretical studies focus on optimizing system parameters under spatially uniform system–environment coupling. Here, instead, we optimize the environmental noise itself by allowing for site-specific dephasing. We investigate steady-state transport in finite-sized one-dimensional lattices with either ramped or disordered energy landscapes, considering both short- and long-range coherent tunneling. In the absence of environmental effects, these systems can exhibit localization in the thermodynamic limit, resulting in suppressed transport, arising from destructive interference. Using a Lindblad master equation framework, we implement local dephasing that is optimized to maximize the steady-state population flux. We find that for ramp potentials, short-range tunneling favors selective dephasing on alternating sites, whereas long-range tunneling benefits from a dephasing profile whose strength increases with distance from the injection site. In energetically disordered systems, strongly detuned sites require enhanced local dephasing under short-range tunneling to facilitate transport. In all cases, we find that site-optimized dephasing allows higher transport efficiency than uniform dephasing, and it is accompanied by increased spatial delocalization of the steady state. Our results provide microscopic insight into the interplay between coherent dynamics and environmental noise. Specifically, dephasing broadens energy levels locally, helping to overcome detuning and destructive interference. More generally, we establish spatially structured environmental noise as a strategy for controlling both quantum transport and state coherence in open systems.

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Phys. Rev. B 114, 034210– Published 24 July, 2026
  • Received 24 April 2026
  • Revised 25 June 2026
  • Accepted 29 June 2026
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