Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Access by Xinjiang University

Strain Coupling of a Mechanical Resonator to a Single Quantum Emitter in Diamond

Kenneth W. Lee1, Donghun Lee1,2, Preeti Ovartchaiyapong1, Joaquin Minguzzi3, Jero R. Maze3, and Ania C. Bleszynski Jayich1,*

  • 1Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
  • 2Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
  • 3Institute of Physics, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile

  • *ania@physics.ucsb.edu

Phys. Rev. Applied 6, 034005 – Published 12 September, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.6.034005

Abstract

The recent maturation of hybrid quantum devices has led to significant enhancements in the functionality of a wide variety of quantum systems. In particular, harnessing mechanical resonators for manipulation and control has expanded the use of two-level systems in quantum-information science and quantum sensing. Here, we report on a monolithic hybrid quantum device in which strain fields associated with resonant vibrations of a diamond cantilever dynamically control the optical transitions of a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect center in diamond. We quantitatively characterize the strain coupling to the orbital states of the NV center and, with mechanical driving, we observe NV-strain couplings exceeding 10 GHz. Furthermore, we use this strain-mediated coupling to match the frequency and polarization dependence of the zero-phonon lines of two spatially separated and initially distinguishable NV centers. The experiments demonstrated here mark an important step toward engineering a quantum device capable of realizing and probing the dynamics of nonclassical states of mechanical resonators, spin systems, and photons.

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

References (46)

  1. A. D. O’Connell et al., Quantum ground state and single-phonon control of a mechanical resonator, Nature (London) 464, 697 (2010).
  2. S. Kolkowitz, A. C. Bleszynski Jayich, Q. P. Unterreithmeier, S. D. Bennett, P. Rabl, J. G. E. Harris, and M. D. Lukin Coherent sensing of a mechanical resonator with a single-spin qubit, Science 335, 1603 (2012).
  3. I. Yeo et al. Strain-mediated coupling in a quantum dot–mechanical oscillator hybrid system, Nat. Nanotechnol. 9, 106 (2014).
  4. O. Arcizet, V. Jacques, A. Siria, P. Poncharal, P. Vincent, and S. Seidelin, A single nitrogen-vacancy defect coupled to a nanomechanical oscillator, Nat. Phys. 7, 879 (2011).
  5. A. Jöckel, A. Faber, T. Kampschulte, M. Korppi, M. T. Rakher, and P. Treutlein, Sympathetic cooling of a membrane oscillator in a hybrid mechanical-atomic system, Nat. Nanotechnol. 10, 55 (2014).
  6. S. Etaki, M. Poot, I. Mahboob, K. Onomitsu, H. Yamaguchi, and H. S. J. van der Zant, Motion detection of a micromechanical resonator embedded in a d.c. SQUID, Nat. Phys. 4, 785 (2008).
  7. M. Montinaro, G. Wüst, M. Munsch, Y. Fontana, E. Russo-Averchi, M. Heiss, A. Fontcuberta, I. Morral, R. J. Warburton, and M. Poggio, Quantum dot opto-mechanics in a fully self-assembled nanowire, Nano Lett. 14, 4454 (2014).
  8. K. Stannigel, P. Rabl, A. S. Sørensen, P. Zoller, and M. D. Lukin, Optomechanical Transducers for Long-Distance Quantum Communication, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 220501 (2010).
  9. M. J. A. Schuetz, E. M. Kessler, G. Giedke, L. M. K. Vandersypen, M. D. Lukin, and J. I. Cirac, Universal Quantum Transducers Based on Surface Acoustic Waves, Phys. Rev. X 5, 031031 (2015).
  10. S. D. Bennett, N. Y. Yao, J. Otterbach, P. Zoller, P. Rabl, and M. D. Lukin, Phonon-Induced Spin-Spin Interactions in Diamond Nanostructures: Application to Spin Squeezing, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 156402 (2013).
  11. R. W. Andrews, R. W. Peterson, T. P. Purdy, K. Cicak, R. W. Simmonds, C. A. Regal, and K. W. Lehnert, Bidirectional and efficient conversion between microwave and optical light, Nat. Phys. 10, 321 (2014).
  12. J. Bochmann, A. Vainsencher, D. D. Awschalom, and A. N. Cleland, Nanomechanical coupling between microwave and optical photons, Nat. Phys. 9, 712 (2013).
  13. I. Wilson-Rae, P. Zoller, and A. Imamoğlu, Laser Cooling of a Nanomechanical Resonator Mode to Its Quantum Ground State, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 075507 (2004).
  14. K. V. Kepesidis, S. D. Bennett, S. Portolan, M. D. Lukin, and P. Rabl, Phonon cooling and lasing with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, Phys. Rev. B 88, 064105 (2013).
  15. J. D. Teufel, T. Donner, D. Li, J. W. Harlow, M. S. Allman, K. Cicak, A. J. Sirois, J. D. Whittaker, K. W. Lehnert, and R. W. Simmonds, Sideband cooling of micromechanical motion to the quantum ground state, Nature (London) 475, 359 (2011).
  16. J. Chan, T. P. Mayer Alegre, A. H. Safavi-Naeini, J. T. Hill, A. Krause, S. Gröblacher, M. Aspelmeyer, and O. Painter, Laser cooling of a nanomechanical oscillator into its quantum ground state, Nature (London) 478, 89 (2011).
  17. P. Ovartchaiyapong, K. W. Lee, B. A. Myers, and A. C. Bleszynski Jayich, Dynamic strain-mediated coupling of a single diamond spin to a mechanical resonator, Nat. Commun. 5, 4429 (2014).
  18. J. Teissier, A. Barfuss, P. Appel, E. Neu, and P. Maletinsky, Strain Coupling of a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center Spin to a Diamond Mechanical Oscillator, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 020503 (2014).
  19. E. R. MacQuarrie, T. A. Gosavi, N. R. Jungwirth, S. A. Bhave, and G. D. Fuchs, Mechanical Spin Control of Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 227602 (2013).
  20. S. Meesala, Y. I. Sohn, H. A. Atikian, S. Kim, M. J. Burek, J. T. Choy, and M. Lončar, Enhanced Strain Coupling of Nitrogen-Vacancy Spins to Nanoscale Diamond Cantilevers, Phys. Rev. Applied 5, 034010 (2016).
  21. N. Bar-Gill, L. M. Pham, A. Jarmola, D. Budker, and R. L. Walsworth, Solid-state electronic spin coherence time approaching one second, Nat. Commun. 4, 1743 (2013).
  22. Y. Tao, J. M. Boss, B. A. Moores, and C. L. Degen, Single-crystal diamond nanomechanical resonators with quality factors exceeding one million, Nat. Commun. 5, 3638 (2014).
  23. A. Barfuss, J. Teissier, E. Neu, A. Nunnenkamp, and P. Maletinsky, Strong mechanical driving of a single electron spin, Nat. Phys. 11, 820 (2015).
  24. E. R. MacQuarrie, T. A. Gosavi, S. A. Bhave, and G. D. Fuchs, Continuous dynamical decoupling of a single diamond nitrogen-vacancy center spin with a mechanical resonator, Phys. Rev. B 92, 224419 (2015).
  25. S. J. M. Habraken, K. Stannigel, M. D. Lukin, P. Zoller, and P. Rabl, Continuous mode cooling and phonon routers for phononic quantum networks, New J. Phys. 14, 115004 (2012).
  26. H. Bernien et al., Heralded entanglement between solid-state qubits separated by three metres, Nature (London) 497, 86 (2013).
  27. D. A. Golter, T. Oo, M. Amezcua, K. A. Stewart, and H. Wang, Optomechanical Quantum Control of a Nitrogen Vacancy Center in Diamond, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 143602 (2016).
  28. M. W. Doherty, N. B. Manson, P. Delaney, F. Jelezko, J. Wrachtrup, and L. C. L. Hollenberg, The nitrogen-vacancy colour centre in diamond, Phys. Rep. 528, 1 (2013).
  29. J. R. Maze, A. Gali, E. Togan, Y. Chu, A. Trifonov, E. Kaxiras, and M. D. Lukin, Properties of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond: the group theoretic approach, New J. Phys. 13, 025025 (2011).
  30. S. Hong, M. S. Grinolds, P. Maletinsky, R. L. Walsworth, M. D. Lukin, and A. Yacoby, Coherent, mechanical control of a single electronic spin, Nano Lett. 12, 3920 (2012).
  31. E. Togan et al., Quantum entanglement between an optical photon and a solid-state spin qubit, Nature (London) 466, 730 (2010).
  32. L. C. Bassett, F. J. Heremans, C. G. Yale, B. B. Buckley, and D. D. Awschalom, Electrical Tuning of Single Nitrogen-Vacancy Center Optical Transitions Enhanced by Photoinduced Fields, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 266403 (2011).
  33. V. M. Acosta et al., Dynamic Stabilization of the Optical Resonances of Single Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 206401 (2012).
  34. A. Ghimire, E. Shafran, and J. M. Gerton, Using a sharp metal tip to control the polarization and direction of emission from a quantum dot, Sci. Rep. 4, 6456 (2014).
  35. D. Heinze, D. Breddermann, A. Zrenner, and S. Schumacher, A quantum dot single-photon source with on-the-fly all-optical polarization control and timed emission, Nat. Commun. 6, 8473 (2015).
  36. T. Ramos, V. Sudhir, K. Stannigel, P. Zoller, and T. J. Kippenberg, Nonlinear Quantum Optomechanics via Individual Intrinsic Two-Level Defects, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 193602 (2013).
  37. H. Bernien, L. Childress, L. Robledo, M. Markham, D. Twitchen, and R. Hanson, Two-Photon Quantum Interference from Separate Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 043604 (2012).
  38. A. Sipahigil, M. L. Goldman, E. Togan, Y. Chu, M. Markham, D. J. Twitchen, A. S. Zibrov, A. Kubanek, and M. D. Lukin, Quantum Interference of Single Photons from Remote Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 143601 (2012).
  39. M. Artoni and A. Zavatta, Large Phase-by-Phase Modulations in Atomic Interfaces, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 113005 (2015).
  40. M. L. Goldman, A. Sipahigil, M. W. Doherty, N. Y. Yao, S. D. Bennett, M. Markham, D. J. Twitchen, N. B. Manson, A. Kubanek, and M. D. Lukin, Phonon-Induced Population Dynamics and Intersystem Crossing in Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 145502 (2015).
  41. D. P. Franke, F. M. Hrubesch, M. Künzl, H. W. Becker, K. M. Itoh, M. Stutzmann, F. Hoehne, L. Dreher, and M. S. Brandt, Interaction of Strain and Nuclear Spins in Silicon: Quadrupolar Effects in Ionized Donors, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 057601 (2015).
  42. L. Childress, G. M. V. Dutt, J. M. Taylor, A. S. Zibrov, F. Jelezko, J. Wrachtrup, P. R. Hemmer, M. D. Lukin, Coherent dynamics of coupled electron and nuclear spin qubits in diamond, Science 314, 281 (2006).
  43. A. L. Falk, P. V. Klimov, B. B. Buckley, V. Ivády, I. A. Abrikosov, G. Calusine, W. F. Koehl, A. Gali, and D. D. Awschalom, Electrically and Mechanically Tunable Electron Spins in Silicon Carbide Color Centers, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 187601 (2014).
  44. H. J. McSkimin, Elastic moduli of diamond as a function of pressure and temperature, J. Appl. Phys. 43, 2944 (1972).
  45. L. Robledo, H. Bernien, I. Van Weperen, and R. Hanson, Control and Coherence of the Optical Transition of Single Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 177403 (2010).
  46. P. Ovartchaiyapong, L. M. A. Pascal, B. A. Myers, P. Lauria, and A. C. Bleszynski, Jayich. High quality factor single-crystal diamond mechanical resonators, Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 163505 (2012).

Outline

Information

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation