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Controlled Generation of Single Microbubble at Solid Surfaces by a Nanosecond Pressure Pulse

Taehwa Lee1, Hyoung Won Baac2, Jong G. Ok1, Hong Seok Youn3, and L. Jay Guo1,3,*,†

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
  • 2School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
  • 3Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA

  • *Corresponding author.
  • †guo@umich.edu
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Phys. Rev. Applied 2, 024007 – Published 22 August, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.2.024007

Abstract

We study the controlled generation of single microbubbles (approximately 100  μm) at solid surfaces in water. By focusing a nanosecond pressure pulse (<100  ns), the single microbubble is deterministically generated over the focal area, which is rather immune to surface heterogeneity that is typically responsible for uncontrolled bubble nucleation. Such controlled bubble nucleation is realized by strong negative pressure generated by pulsed optical excitation of a carbon-nanotube–polymer composite and its tight focusing (approximately 100  μm). The negative-pressure amplitude (>50  MPa), which is further increased by acoustic interference at an impedance-mismatched boundary, even exceeds the cavitation threshold of distilled water in a free-field (boundary-free) condition. This strong pressure can activate ubiquitous submicron nuclei in both water and surfaces, making the nucleation process controllable but irrelevant to a pit array (<10  μm in diameter). The ability to control bubble formation can lead to new applications in cell-level therapy, e.g., ablation of individual cancerous cells (microhistotripsy).

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Phys. Rev. Applied 2, 024007– Published 22 August, 2014
  • Received 9 April 2014

© 2014 American Physical Society

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