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Formulation of energy-dependent pathlength variation for a two Double Bend Achromat dogleg

Kouichi Soutome1,2,*, Toru Hara1, Eito Iwai2,1, Kenji Yasutome1, Hirokazu Maesaka1,2, and Hitoshi Tanaka1

  • *Contact author: soutome@spring8.or.jp
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Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 29, 020701 – Published 2 February, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/mnwd-ypfs

Abstract

Recently, the generation of ultrashort x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses of less than 1 fs has been reported using additional electron bunch compression in front of undulators. In this bunch compression, a self-modulated energy chirp provided by space charge force is used. In the present paper, we discuss an optimal bunch compression scheme using a two-Double Bend Achromat (DBA) dogleg and an electron bunch having the energy chirp which is reversed with respect to that used for a conventional magnetic chicane bunch compressor. After giving analytical expressions of R56 and T566 of an ordinary DBA section, a method for evaluating R56 and T566 is presented for varied bending angle cases to achieve additional bunch compression. When changing the bending angles for controlling R56 and T566, the electron beam no longer passes the magnetic center of focusing quadrupole magnets of the DBA section, but the electron beam trajectory and transverse envelope remain the same downstream of the two-DBA dogleg, including the undulators. The analytical framework proposed in this paper would be useful to design and finely tune the bunch compression in front of the undulators to generate ultrashort XFEL pulses.

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Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 29, 020701– Published 2 February, 2026
  • Received 4 September 2025
  • Accepted 8 January 2026
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.

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