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Free-electron laser growing modes and their bandwidths

Stephen Webb1,*, Vladimir N. Litvinenko2,3,†, and Gang Wang2,‡

  • 1Tech-X Corporation, 5621 Arapahoe Avenue Suite A, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
  • 2Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
  • 3Department of Physics & Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA

  • *swebb@txcorp.com
  • †vl@bnl.gov
  • ‡gawang@bnl.gov
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Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 15, 080701 – Published 7 August, 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.15.080701

Abstract

The behavior of free-electron laser amplification in the small signal linear regime can be understood by studying the dispersion relation derived from the electron energy distribution. A thorough understanding of the growth modes in this regime is of great value in understanding numerical results obtained using simulations. In this paper we show that for a typical bell-shape energy distribution in the electron beam there is not more than one growing mode. We also derive an analytical expression, which determines the bandwidth of the free-electron laser. We also discuss the limitation on the number of growing modes for the case of beam energy distributions with multiple peaks.

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Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 15, 080701– Published 7 August, 2012
  • Received 22 March 2012
Article part of CHORUS
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