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Integral formulation of the macroscopic quantum electrodynamics in dispersive dielectric objects

Carlo Forestiere and Giovanni Miano

  • Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Claudio 21, Napoli 80125, Italy

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Phys. Rev. A 107, 063705 – Published 14 June, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.063705

Abstract

We propose an integral formulation of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics in the Heisenberg picture for linear dispersive dielectric objects of finite size, utilizing the Hopfield-type approach. By expressing the electromagnetic field operators as a function of the polarization density field operator via the retarded Green function for the vacuum, we obtain an integral equation that governs the evolution of the polarization density field operator. This formulation offers significant advantages, as it allows for the direct application of well-established computational techniques from classical electrodynamics to perform quantum electrodynamics computations in open, dispersive, and absorbing environments.

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Phys. Rev. A 107, 063705– Published 14 June, 2023
  • Received 1 March 2023
  • Accepted 30 May 2023
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