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Surface-polariton excitation and energy losses by a charged particle in cylindrical waveguides

A. A. Saharian1,2,*, L. Sh. Grigoryan1, A. S. Kotanjyan1, and H. F. Khachatryan1

  • 1Institute of Applied Problems of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, 25 Hrachya Nersessian Street, 0014 Yerevan, Armenia
  • 2Department of Physics, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manoogian Street, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia

  • *saharian@ysu.am
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Phys. Rev. A 107, 063513 – Published 26 June, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.063513

Abstract

We investigate the emission of surface polaritons (SPs) by a charged particle moving inside a dielectric cylinder parallel to its axis. It is assumed that the cylinder is immersed into a homogeneous medium with negative dielectric permittivity in the spectral range under consideration. The SP modes are present for the positive dielectric function of the cylinder material. In order to find the electromagnetic fields corresponding to SPs, the respective contributions to the components of the Green tensor are separated. The expressions for scalar and vector potentials and for electromagnetic-field strengths are provided inside and outside the cylinder. Those fields are expressed in terms of the SP eigenmodes of the waveguide and we give detailed analysis for their properties. The SP energy fluxes through the plane perpendicular to the cylinder axis are evaluated in the interior and exterior media. The energy flux is directed towards the charge motion inside the cylinder and towards the opposite direction in the exterior region. The relativistic effects may essentially increase the radiated energy. Important features of relativistic effects include the possibility of essential increase of the radiated energy, the narrowing of the confinement region of the SP fields near the cylinder surface in the exterior region, the enlarging of the frequency range for radiated SPs, and the decrease of the cutoff factor for radiation at small wavelengths compared with the waveguide radius. The general results are specified for the Drude dispersion in the exterior medium. By using the Green tensor we also evaluate the total-energy losses of the charged particle for the general case of the interior and exterior dielectric functions. The corresponding results are compared with those previously discussed in the literature. The numerical data are presented in terms of scale-invariant quantities that allow us to clarify the features of the SP radiation for different values of the waveguide radius.

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Phys. Rev. A 107, 063513– Published 26 June, 2023
  • Received 15 March 2023
  • Accepted 13 June 2023
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