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Distributed vorticity model for vortex molecule dynamics

Sarthak Choudhury and Joachim Brand

  • Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand

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Phys. Rev. A 107, 053314 – Published 19 May, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.053314

Abstract

We analyze the effect of a hard wall trapping potential on the dynamics of a vortex molecule in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate with linear coherent coupling. A vortex molecule consists of a vortex of the same charge in each component condensate connected by a domain wall of the relative phase. In a previous paper [S. Choudhury and J. Brand, Phys. Rev. A 106, 043319 (2022)] we described the interaction of a vortex molecule with the boundary using the method of images by separately treating each component vortex as a point vortex, in addition to a Magnus force effect from the surface tension of the domain wall. Here we extend the model by considering a continuous distribution of image vorticity reflecting the effect of the domain wall on the vortex molecule phase structure. In the case of a precessing centered vortex molecule in an isotropic trap, distributing the image vorticity weakens its contribution to the precession frequency. We test the model predictions against numerical simulations of the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations in a two-dimensional circular disk and find support for the improved model.

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Phys. Rev. A 107, 053314– Published 19 May, 2023
  • Received 3 February 2023
  • Accepted 21 April 2023
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