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Casimir-Polder interactions of S-state Rydberg atoms with graphene

K. Wongcharoenbhorn1, C. Koller2, T. M. Fromhold1, and W. Li1

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
  • 2University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt, Johannes Gutenberg-Straße 3, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria

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Phys. Rev. A 107, 043308 – Published 10 April, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.043308

Abstract

We investigate the thermal Casimir-Polder (CP) potential of Rb87 atoms in Rydberg nS-states near single- and double-layer graphene, and briefly look into the lifetimes near graphene-hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) multilayered structures. The dependence of the CP potential on parameters such as atom-surface distance, temperature, principal quantum number n, and graphene Fermi energy are explored. Through large-scale numerical simulations, we show that, in the nonretarded regime, the CP potential is dominated by the nonresonant and evanescent-wave terms which are monotonic, and that, in the retarded regime, the CP potential exhibits spatial oscillations. We identify that the most important contributions to the resonant component of the CP potential come from the nS−nP and nS−(n−1)P transitions. Scaling of the CP potential as a function of the principal quantum number and temperature is obtained. A heterostructure comprising hexagonal boron nitride layers sandwiched between two graphene layers is also studied. When the boron nitride layer is sufficiently thin, the CP potential can be weakened by changing the Fermi energy of the top graphene layer. Our study provides insights for understanding and controlling CP potentials experienced by Rydberg atoms near single- and multilayer graphene-based van der Waals heterostructures.

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Phys. Rev. A 107, 043308– Published 10 April, 2023
  • Received 18 March 2022
  • Accepted 24 March 2023
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