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Analysis of Cosmic-Ray Fine Structure Part I. Earlier Missouri Observations
Phys. Rev. 69, 78 – Published 1 February, 1946
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.69.78
Abstract
The present paper gives the results of an analytical study of the directional intensity anomalies measured by Ribner and Cooper in Missouri in 1939-1940. The method used follows directly from the log vs. log graph found useful by previous workers. The straight line of Fig. 1 is then represented by a least-squares equation of the form, . The anomalous points are shown to fall below the line and to be representable by a second line parallel to the first. The validity of the results is verified by direct comparison with the probable errors of measurement, the best test being Deming's calculation of chi square. The use of this method brings to light the following results. The data of the two observers show an excellent agreement. The least-squares constants of the calculated equations show a real but rather irregular azimuthal variation. Special consideration of the reported time fluctuations of these fine-structure anomalies shows that in practically no case are they distinguishable from statistical fluctuations in counting. The anomaly close to the zenith is shown to be caused by magnetic effects, and not atmospheric absorption. In the case of the other two anomalies, the importance of the secondary formation process is stressed. It must lead to an energy ratio between the primary and mean secondary energies, the latter being concerned in the absorption. Comparison with the atom-annihilation results for the soft radiation suggests that the absorption anomalies, with , may show agreement, but the magnetic anomaly, with , cannot agree. There is a slight suggestion here of two kinds of primaries, both involved in mesotron production.
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