Disintegration of Aluminum by Protons in the Energy Range 0.4 to 3.0 Bev

G. Friedlander; J. Hudis; R. L. Wolfgang

doi:10.1103/PhysRev.99.263

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Disintegration of Aluminum by Protons in the Energy Range 0.4 to 3.0 Bev

G. Friedlander, J. Hudis, and R. L. Wolfgang

Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York

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Phys. Rev. 99, 263 – Published 1 July, 1955

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.99.263

Abstract

Excitation functions for the production of ${Na}^{24}$ , ${Na}^{22}$ , $F^{18}$ , $O^{15}$ (?), $N^{13}$ , $C^{11}$ , and ${Be}^{7}$ in proton bombardments of Al have been measured from 0.4 to 3.0 Bev. The formation cross sections have strikingly small energy dependence, and this feature is discussed in the light of possible energy transfer mechanisms. The absolute cross-section values are based on a calibration method (suggested by A. Turkevich) which is discussed. It is based on measurements of gross radioactivity in copper irradiated at various energies and on the assumption that the fraction of inelastic collisions with copper nuclei that lead to radioactive products is independent of proton energy from 0.3 to 3 Bev. The validity of this assumption is examined.

References (24)

Wolfgang, Sugarman, and Friedlander, Phys. Rev. 94, 775 (1954)
Friedlander, Miller, Wolfgang, Hudis, and Baker, Phys. Rev. 94, 727 (1954)
Sugarman, Duffield, Friedlander, and Miller, Phys. Rev. 95, 1704 (1954)
R. L. Wolfgang and G. Friedlander, Phys. Rev. 96, 190 (1954)
N. M. Hintz and N. F. Ramsey, Phys. Rev. 88, 19 (1952)
L. Marquez and I. Perlman, Phys. Rev. 81, 953 (1951)
L. Marquez, Phys. Rev. 86, 405 (1952)
R. Wolfgang and G. Friedlander, Phys. Rev. 94, 775 (1954)
Omitted endnote
H. H. Seliger, Phys. Rev. 88, 408 (1952)
R. M. Williamson and H. T. Richards, Phys. Rev. 76, 614 (1949)
R. Sherr and R. H. Miller, Phys. Rev. 93, 1076 (1954)
Omitted endnote
Birnbaum, Crandall, Millburn, and Pyle, Phys. Rev. (to be published)
Stevenson, Hicks, and Folger (private communication)
A. Turkevich, Phys. Rev. 94, 775 (1954)
Batzel, Miller, and Seaborg, Phys. Rev. 84, 671 (1951)
A. J. Kirschbaum, University of California Radiation Laboratory Report UCRL-1967, 1952 (unpublished)
R. B. Duffield and G. Friedlander (unpublished)
Coor, Hill, Hornyak, Smith, and Snow, Phys. Rev. 98, 1369 (1955)
Chen, Leavitt, and Shapiro (to be published)
W. S. Lyon, Phys. Rev. 97, 121 (1955)
Hudis, Baker, and Friedlander, Phys. Rev. 95, 612 (1954)
F. Ajzenberg and T. Lauritsen, Revs. Modern Phys. 24, 321 (1952)

[c1] Wolfgang, Sugarman, and Friedlander, Phys. Rev. 94, 775 (1954)

[c2] Friedlander, Miller, Wolfgang, Hudis, and Baker, Phys. Rev. 94, 727 (1954)

[c3] Sugarman, Duffield, Friedlander, and Miller, Phys. Rev. 95, 1704 (1954)

[c4] R. L. Wolfgang and G. Friedlander, Phys. Rev. 96, 190 (1954)

[c5] N. M. Hintz and N. F. Ramsey, Phys. Rev. 88, 19 (1952)

[c6] L. Marquez and I. Perlman, Phys. Rev. 81, 953 (1951)

[c7] L. Marquez, Phys. Rev. 86, 405 (1952)

[c8] R. Wolfgang and G. Friedlander, Phys. Rev. 94, 775 (1954)

[c9] Omitted endnote

[c10] H. H. Seliger, Phys. Rev. 88, 408 (1952)

[c11] R. M. Williamson and H. T. Richards, Phys. Rev. 76, 614 (1949)

[c12] R. Sherr and R. H. Miller, Phys. Rev. 93, 1076 (1954)

[c13] Omitted endnote

[c14] Birnbaum, Crandall, Millburn, and Pyle, Phys. Rev. (to be published)

[c15] Stevenson, Hicks, and Folger (private communication)

[c16] A. Turkevich, Phys. Rev. 94, 775 (1954)

[c17] Batzel, Miller, and Seaborg, Phys. Rev. 84, 671 (1951)

[c18] A. J. Kirschbaum, University of California Radiation Laboratory Report UCRL-1967, 1952 (unpublished)

[c19] R. B. Duffield and G. Friedlander (unpublished)

[c20] Coor, Hill, Hornyak, Smith, and Snow, Phys. Rev. 98, 1369 (1955)

[c21] Chen, Leavitt, and Shapiro (to be published)

[c22] W. S. Lyon, Phys. Rev. 97, 121 (1955)

[c23] Hudis, Baker, and Friedlander, Phys. Rev. 95, 612 (1954)

[c24] F. Ajzenberg and T. Lauritsen, Revs. Modern Phys. 24, 321 (1952)

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Disintegration of Aluminum by Protons in the Energy Range 0.4 to 3.0 Bev

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References (24)

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