Angular Distributions and Yields of Neutrons from (<span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi> </mi><mi>n</mi></math></span>) Reactions

Bernard L. Cohen

doi:10.1103/PhysRev.98.49

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Angular Distributions and Yields of Neutrons from ( $p, n$ ) Reactions

Bernard L. Cohen

Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

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Phys. Rev. 98, 49 – Published 1 April, 1955

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.98.49

Abstract

Angular distributions of neutrons from ( $p, n$ ) reactions on Mg, Al, Cu, Mo, Ag, Ta, Au, Th, and U were measured for 23-Mev protons incident on thick targets. All angular distributions show peaks in the forward direction; except for Mg and Al, the $\frac{0 °}{180 °}$ intensity ratios vary from 5 to 15 for ∼13-Mev neutrons, and from 1.3 to 5 for ∼8-Mev neutrons. The Mg and Al high-energy data show minima and secondary maxima. Yield determinations indicate that the number of neutrons per nuclear reaction increases with atomic number from about 0.25 for Mg and Al to about 2.0 for most heavy elements and more than 4 for Th and U (probably due to fission). Temperatures of the neutron energy distributions are estimated; for the heavy elements at the backward angles, they are about 0.85 Mev at 3-Mev neutron energy, and about 1.9 Mev at 10-Mev neutron energy. It is concluded that direct interactions are of considerable importance in these reactions.

References (21)

N. Bohr, Nature 137, 344 (1936)
J. M. Blatt and V. F. Weisskopf, Theoretical Nuclear Physics (John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1952)
P. C. Gugelot, Phys. Rev. 81, 51 (1951) P. H. Stetson and C. Goodman, 82, 69 (1951) B. G. Whitmore and G. E. Dennis, 84, 296 (1951) E. R. Graves and L. Rosen, 89, 343 (1953)
P. C. Gugelot, Phys. Rev. 93, 425 (1954)
Brolley, Fowler, and Schlacks, Phys. Rev. 88, 618 (1953) H. C. Martin and B. C. Diven, 86, 565 (1952) D. J. Tendam and H. L. Bradt, 72, 1118 (1947) Bleuler, Stebbins, and Tendam, 90, 460 (1953)
S. N. Ghoshal, Phys. Rev. 80, 939 (1950)
Feshbach, Porter, and Weisskopf, Phys. Rev. 90, 166 (1953)
B. L. Cohen, Phys. Rev. 92, 1245 (1953)
E. B. Paul and R. L. Clarke, Can. J. Phys. 31, 267 (1953)
H. McManus and W. T. Sharp, Phys. Rev. 87, 188 (1952)
R. M. Eisberg and G. Igo, Phys. Rev. 93, 1039 (1954)
Omitted endnote
Cohen, Newman, Charpie, and Handley, Phys. Rev. 94, 620 (1954)
E. Kelly, University of California Radiation Laboratory Report UCRL-1044 (unpublished)
R. M. Eisberg, Phys. Rev. 94, 739 (1954)
L. Wolfenstein, Phys. Rev. 82, 690 (1951) W. Hauser and H. Feshbach, 87, 366 (1952)
Austern, Butler, McManus, and Sharp, Phys. Rev. 91, 453 (1953)
B. L. Cohen and E. Newman (to be published)
Cohen, Newman, and Handley (to be published)
Omitted endnote
B. L. Cohen, Phys. Rev. 81, 184 (1951)

[c1] N. Bohr, Nature 137, 344 (1936)

[c2] J. M. Blatt and V. F. Weisskopf, Theoretical Nuclear Physics (John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1952)

[c3] P. C. Gugelot, Phys. Rev. 81, 51 (1951) P. H. Stetson and C. Goodman, 82, 69 (1951) B. G. Whitmore and G. E. Dennis, 84, 296 (1951) E. R. Graves and L. Rosen, 89, 343 (1953)

[c4] P. C. Gugelot, Phys. Rev. 93, 425 (1954)

[c5] Brolley, Fowler, and Schlacks, Phys. Rev. 88, 618 (1953) H. C. Martin and B. C. Diven, 86, 565 (1952) D. J. Tendam and H. L. Bradt, 72, 1118 (1947) Bleuler, Stebbins, and Tendam, 90, 460 (1953)

[c6] S. N. Ghoshal, Phys. Rev. 80, 939 (1950)

[c7] Feshbach, Porter, and Weisskopf, Phys. Rev. 90, 166 (1953)

[c8] B. L. Cohen, Phys. Rev. 92, 1245 (1953)

[c9] E. B. Paul and R. L. Clarke, Can. J. Phys. 31, 267 (1953)

[c10] H. McManus and W. T. Sharp, Phys. Rev. 87, 188 (1952)

[c11] R. M. Eisberg and G. Igo, Phys. Rev. 93, 1039 (1954)

[c12] Omitted endnote

[c13] Cohen, Newman, Charpie, and Handley, Phys. Rev. 94, 620 (1954)

[c14] E. Kelly, University of California Radiation Laboratory Report UCRL-1044 (unpublished)

[c15] R. M. Eisberg, Phys. Rev. 94, 739 (1954)

[c16] L. Wolfenstein, Phys. Rev. 82, 690 (1951) W. Hauser and H. Feshbach, 87, 366 (1952)

[c17] Austern, Butler, McManus, and Sharp, Phys. Rev. 91, 453 (1953)

[c18] B. L. Cohen and E. Newman (to be published)

[c19] Cohen, Newman, and Handley (to be published)

[c20] Omitted endnote

[c21] B. L. Cohen, Phys. Rev. 81, 184 (1951)

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Angular Distributions and Yields of Neutrons from ( $p, n$ ) Reactions

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Angular Distributions and Yields of Neutrons from (p, n) Reactions

Abstract

References (21)

Angular Distributions and Yields of Neutrons from ( $p, n$ ) Reactions