Neutron Yield from the Nuclear Photoeffect

J. S. Levinger; H. A. Bethe

doi:10.1103/PhysRev.85.577

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Neutron Yield from the Nuclear Photoeffect

J. S. Levinger

H. A. Bethe

Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana

Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

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Phys. Rev. 85, 577 – Published 15 February, 1952

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.85.577

Abstract

The yields of neutrons produced in photonuclear reactions by a bremsstrahlung-photon-spectrum are analyzed in terms of the multiplicity of neutron production. Approximating the neutron multiplicity as proportional to the photon energy, we derive the integrated photonuclear cross section from the experimental neutron yields. The integrated cross section from copper to bismuth is $\int 0^{\infty} σ dW = 0.14 \frac{NZ}{A}$ . (Uranium has a neutron yield 35 percent higher than given by this relation, probably due to photofission.) This relation has the correct form, but a somewhat higher absolute value than the theoretical relation $\int 0^{\infty} σ dW = 0.060 (\frac{NZ}{A}) (1 + 0.8 x)$ , where $x$ is the fraction of exchange force.

References (31)

J. S. Levinger and H. A. Bethe, Phys. Rev. 78, 115 (1950)
J. L. Lawson and M. L. Perlman, Phys. Rev. 74, 1190 (1948)
G. C. Baldwin and G. S. Klaiber, Phys. Rev. 73, 1156 (1948)
M. L. Perlman and G. Friedlander, Phys. Rev. 74, 442 (1948) 75, 988 (1949)
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N. Austern and R. G. Sachs, Phys. Rev. 81, 710 (1951)
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D. W. Kerst and G. A. Price, Phys. Rev. 79, 725 (1950)
Terwilliger, Jones, and Jarmie, Phys. Rev. 82, 820 (1951)
J. Halpern and A. K. Mann, Phys. Rev. 82, 733 (1951)
E. R. Gaerttner and M. L. Yeater, Phys. Rev. 82, 461 (1951) 83, 145 (1951)
J. Heidmann and H. A. Bethe, Phys. Rev. 84, 274 (1951)
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N. Bohr and J. A. Wheeler, Phys. Rev. 56, 426 (1939)
Charbonnier, Scherrer, and Wäffler, Helv. Phys. Acta 22, 385 (1949)
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J. S. Levinger, Phys. Rev. 84, 523 (1951)

[c1] J. S. Levinger and H. A. Bethe, Phys. Rev. 78, 115 (1950)

[c2] J. L. Lawson and M. L. Perlman, Phys. Rev. 74, 1190 (1948)

[c3] G. C. Baldwin and G. S. Klaiber, Phys. Rev. 73, 1156 (1948)

[c4] M. L. Perlman and G. Friedlander, Phys. Rev. 74, 442 (1948) 75, 988 (1949)

[c5] E. R. Gaerttner and M. L. Yeater, Phys. Rev. 77, 714 (1950)

[c6] Hadley, Kelly, Leith, Segrè, Wiegand, and York, Phys. Rev. 75, 351 (1949) R. S. Christian and E. W. Hart, 77, 441 (1950) Kelly, Leith, Segrè, and Wiegand, 79, 96 (1950)

[c7] E. Feenberg, Phys. Rev. 49, 328 (1936)

[c8] N. Austern and R. G. Sachs, Phys. Rev. 81, 710 (1951)

[c9] G. C. Baldwin and F. R. Elder, Phys. Rev. 78, 76 (1950)

[c10] G. A. Price and D. W. Kerst, Phys. Rev. 77, 806 (1950)

[c11] D. W. Kerst and G. A. Price, Phys. Rev. 79, 725 (1950)

[c12] Terwilliger, Jones, and Jarmie, Phys. Rev. 82, 820 (1951)

[c13] J. Halpern and A. K. Mann, Phys. Rev. 82, 733 (1951)

[c14] E. R. Gaerttner and M. L. Yeater, Phys. Rev. 82, 461 (1951) 83, 145 (1951)

[c15] J. Heidmann and H. A. Bethe, Phys. Rev. 84, 274 (1951)

[c16] N. Sugarman and R. Peters, Phys. Rev. 81, 951 (1951)

[c17] P. R. Byerly, Jr., and W. E. Stephens, Phys. Rev. 83, 54 (1951)

[c18] Katz et al., Phys. Rev. 80, 1062 (1950) 81, 815 (1951) 82, 270 (1951) 82, 271 (1951)

[c19] R. Sagane, Phys. Rev. 83, 174 (1951)

[c20] B. Rossi and K. I. Greisen, Revs. Modern Phys. 13, 240 (1941)

[c21] J. M. Blatt and V. F. Weisskopf, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory Nuclear Science and Engineering Technical Report 42 (1950), Chapter 6

[c22] Orear, Rosenfeld, and Schluter, Nuclear Physics (University Press, Chicago, 1950), p. 162

[c23] Blocker, Kenney, and Panofsky, Phys. Rev. 79, 419 (1950)

[c24] Koch, McElhinney, and Gasteiger, Phys. Rev. 77, 329 (1950)

[c25] R. E. Anderson and R. B. Duffield, Phys. Rev. 85, 728(A) (1952)

[c26] N. Bohr and J. A. Wheeler, Phys. Rev. 56, 426 (1939)

[c27] Charbonnier, Scherrer, and Wäffler, Helv. Phys. Acta 22, 385 (1949)

[c28] Goward, Jones, Watson, and Lees, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) A64, 95 (1951)

[c29] R. D. Miller, Phys. Rev. 82, 260 (1951)

[c30] S. Kikuchi, Phys. Rev. 81, 1060 (1951)

[c31] J. S. Levinger, Phys. Rev. 84, 523 (1951)

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Neutron Yield from the Nuclear Photoeffect

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