A Determination of the High Altitude Latitude Dependence in Cosmic-Ray Neutron Intensity

William P. Staker

doi:10.1103/PhysRev.80.52

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A Determination of the High Altitude Latitude Dependence in Cosmic-Ray Neutron Intensity

William P. Staker^*

New York University, New York, New York

^*This report is an abridgment of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at New York University, 1950.

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Phys. Rev. 80, 52 – Published 1 October, 1950

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.80.52

Abstract

High altitude flights have been made with balloon-borne neutron-detecting equipment at 30.4°N and 54.7°N geomagnetic latitudes. A maximum neutron density was found at an absorption depth of 110 g/ ${cm}^{2}$ at 30.4°N and 100 g/ ${cm}^{2}$ at 54.7°N. The maximum neutron density at 54.7°N is approximately 2.9 times as great as the maximum neutron density measured at 30.4°N. The total integrated neutron density at 54.7°N is approximately 2.4 times as large as that at 30.4°N. These results indicate a greater latitude effect for neutron densities than for total ionization, but less than for primary particles, thus corroborating present theories of neutron formation.

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[c1] C. G. and D. D. Montgomery, Phys. Rev. 56, 10 (1939)

[c2] S. A. Korff, Phys. Rev. 56, 210 (1939)

[c3] S. A. Korff and B. Hamermesh, Phys. Rev. 71, 842 (1947)

[c4] Agnew, Bright, and Froman, Phys. Rev. 72, 203 (1947)

[c5] S. A. Korff and A. Cobas, Phys. Rev. 73, 1010 (1948)

[c6] J. A. Simpson, Phys. Rev. 73, 1389 (1948)

[c7] L. C. L. Yuan, Phys. Rev. 74, 504 (1948)

[c8] Simpson, Baldwin, and Uretz, Phys. Rev. 76, 165 (1949)

[c9] L. C. L. Yuan, Phys. Rev. 76, 165 (1949)

[c10] J. A. Simpson and R. B. Uretz, Phys. Rev. 76, 569 (1949)

[c11] W. O. Davis (to be published)

[c12] Bethe, Korff, and Placzek, Phys. Rev. 57, 573 (1940)

[c13] W. Heisenberg, Cosmic Radiation (Dover Publications, New York, 1946)

[c14] A. H. Compton, Phys. Rev. 43, 387 (1933)

[c15] T. H. Johnson, Rev. Mod. Phys. 10, 193 (1938)

[c16] H. Carmichael and E. G. Dymond, Proc. Roy. Soc. 171A, 321 (1939)

[c17] G. Lemaitre and M. S. Vallarta, Phys. Rev. 43, 88 (1933) 50, 493 (1936)

[c18] M. S. Vallarta, J. Franklin Inst. 227, 1 (1939)

[c19] M. S. Vallarta, Phys. Rev. 74, 1837 (1948)

[c20] S. A. Korff and W. E. Danforth, Phys. Rev. 55, 980 (1939)

[c21] M. G. Inghram, Phys. Rev. 70, 653 (1946)

[c22] Pavalow, Davis, and Staker, Rev. Sci. Inst. 21, 529 (1950)

[c23] L. C. L. Yuan, Phys. Rev. 76, 1267 (1949)

[c24] G. Bernardini (private communication)

[c25] L. C. L. Yuan, Princeton University (unpublished data)

[c26] D. H. Perkins, Nature 159, 126 (1947) ibid.160, 707 (1947)

[c27] B. Rossi, Rev. Mod. Phys. 20, 537 (1948)

[c28] Bowen, Millikan, and Neher, Phys. Rev. 53, 855 (1938)

[c29] H. L. Bradt and B. Peters, Phys. Rev. 76, 156 (1949) ibid.77, 54 (1950)

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A Determination of the High Altitude Latitude Dependence in Cosmic-Ray Neutron Intensity

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