Artificially Radioactive Element 85

D. R. Corson; K. R. MacKenzie; E. Segrè

doi:10.1103/PhysRev.58.672

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Artificially Radioactive Element 85

D. R. Corson, K. R. MacKenzie, and E. Segrè

Radiation Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California

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Phys. Rev. 58, 672 – Published 15 October, 1940

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.58.672

Abstract

Bismuth bombarded with 32-Mev alpha-particles becomes radioactive. Two ranges of alpha-particles are emitted, one of 6.55 cm and one of 4.52 cm. These two alpha-particles are not genetically related. There are also x-rays which show the absorption characteristics of polonium x-rays. All these radiations separate together chemically as element 85, and all show the same half-life of 7.5 hours. The probable explanation of these effects is the following: ${Bi}^{209}$ , by an ( $α, 2 n$ ) reaction, goes to $85^{211}$ , which decays either by $K$ -electron capture to actinium C'( ${Po}^{211}$ ) or by alpha-particle emission (range 4.5 cm) to ${Bi}^{207}$ . The 6.5-cm alpha-particles are those of actinium C'. According to this scheme the second branch from $85^{211}$ leads to ${Bi}^{207}$ which should decay to ${Pb}^{207}$ . As yet we have been unable to find this activity. We discuss the chemical properties of element 85 and show that in general its behavior is that of a metal.

References (18)

E. O. Lawrence et al. Phys. Rev. 56, 124 (1939)
D. R. Corson and K. R. MacKenzie, Phys. Rev. 57, 250 (1940)
D. R. Corson, K. R. MacKenzie and E. Segrè, Phys. Rev. 57, 459 (1940)
Omitted endnote
C. Møller, Phys. Rev. 51, 84 (1937)
Lord Rutherford, C. E. Wynn-Williams and W. B. Lewis, Proc. Roy. Soc. 133, 351 (1931)
V. F. Weisskopf and D. H. Ewing, Phys. Rev. 57, 472 (1940)
M. S. Livingston and H. A. Bethe, Rev. Mod. Phys. 9, 245 (1937)
R. R. Wilson, unpublished
E. Rona and E. A. W. Schmidt, Zeits. f. Physik 48, 784 (1928)
M. G. Holloway and M. S. Livingston, Phys. Rev. 54, 18 (1938)
F. K. Richtmyer, Rev. Mod. Phys. 9, 391 (1937)
M. Haissinsky, J. de Chemie Phys. 34, 94 (1937)
E. Buch-Andersen, K. Danske Vidensk. Selskab 16, 5 (1938)
W. Minder, Helv. Phys. Acta 13, 144 (1940)
H. Hulubei and Y. Cauchois, Comptes rendus 209, 39 (1939)
F. Paneth, Radioelements as Indicators (McGraw-Hill, 1928), p. 80
J. G. Hamilton and M. H. Soley, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 26, 483 (1940)

[c1] E. O. Lawrence et al. Phys. Rev. 56, 124 (1939)

[c2] D. R. Corson and K. R. MacKenzie, Phys. Rev. 57, 250 (1940)

[c3] D. R. Corson, K. R. MacKenzie and E. Segrè, Phys. Rev. 57, 459 (1940)

[c4] Omitted endnote

[c5] C. Møller, Phys. Rev. 51, 84 (1937)

[c6] Lord Rutherford, C. E. Wynn-Williams and W. B. Lewis, Proc. Roy. Soc. 133, 351 (1931)

[c7] V. F. Weisskopf and D. H. Ewing, Phys. Rev. 57, 472 (1940)

[c8] M. S. Livingston and H. A. Bethe, Rev. Mod. Phys. 9, 245 (1937)

[c9] R. R. Wilson, unpublished

[c10] E. Rona and E. A. W. Schmidt, Zeits. f. Physik 48, 784 (1928)

[c11] M. G. Holloway and M. S. Livingston, Phys. Rev. 54, 18 (1938)

[c12] F. K. Richtmyer, Rev. Mod. Phys. 9, 391 (1937)

[c13] M. Haissinsky, J. de Chemie Phys. 34, 94 (1937)

[c14] E. Buch-Andersen, K. Danske Vidensk. Selskab 16, 5 (1938)

[c15] W. Minder, Helv. Phys. Acta 13, 144 (1940)

[c16] H. Hulubei and Y. Cauchois, Comptes rendus 209, 39 (1939)

[c17] F. Paneth, Radioelements as Indicators (McGraw-Hill, 1928), p. 80

[c18] J. G. Hamilton and M. H. Soley, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 26, 483 (1940)

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Artificially Radioactive Element 85

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