Interference Phenomena in the Scattering of Slow Neutrons

Harold G. Beyer; Martin D. Whitaker

doi:10.1103/PhysRev.57.976

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Interference Phenomena in the Scattering of Slow Neutrons

Harold G. Beyer

Martin D. Whitaker

Pupin Physics Laboratories, Columbia University, New York, New York

New York University, University Heights, New York, New York

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Phys. Rev. 57, 976 – Published 1 June, 1940

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.57.976

Abstract

Transmission measurements of the neutrons absorbed by cadmium (C neutrons) are described which show that the total cross sections for various elements are dependent to a marked degree upon the physical and chemical state of these elements. This is shown by (1), the transparency of single crystals as compared with the same material in a polycrystalline form, and (2), the nonadditivity of the cross sections for chemical compounds and alloys. The de Broglie wave-length of the C neutrons is such that the above effects can be interpreted in terms of interference. The nature of the results is well illustrated by the Si $O_{2}$ measurements. The cross section for the molecule computed from measurements on the component elements is 10.5. The cross section for the molecule in sand is 8.8±1; in fused quartz 8.1±1; and in single crystals of quartz 4.3±0.6, all in units of $10^{- 24}$ ${cm}^{2}$ .

References (18)

Whitaker, Beyer and Dunning, Phys. Rev. 54, 771 (1938)
M. D. Whitaker and H. G. Beyer, Phys. Rev. 55, 1124 (1939)
M. D. Whitaker and H. G. Beyer, Phys. Rev. 55, 1101 (1939)
Halpern, Hamermesh and Johnson, Phys. Rev. 55, 1125 (1939)
G. C. Wick, Physik. Zeits. 38, 403 (1937) ibid.38, 689 (1937)
O. Halpern and M. H. Johnson, Phys. Rev. 55, 898 (1939)
I. Pomerantschuk, Physik. Zeits. Sowjetunion 13, 65 (1938)
P. Preiswerk and H. von Halban, Comptes rendus 203, 73 (1938)
W. M. Elsasser, Comptes rendus 202, 1029 (1936)
D. P. Mitchell and P. N. Powers, Phys. Rev. 50, 486 (1936)
P. Preiswerk, Helv. Phys. Acta 10, 400 (1937)
G. A. Fink, Phys. Rev. 50, 738 (1936)
M. Kimura, Proc. Imp. Acad., Tokyo 15, 214 (1939)
Dunning, Pegram, Fink, Mitchell and Segrè, Phys. Rev. 48, 704 (1935)
E. Amaldi and E. Fermi, Phys. Rev. 50, 899 (1936)
Nix, Beyer and Dunning, Phys. Rev. 57, 566 (1940)
H. B. Hanstein and J. R. Dunning, Phys. Rev. 57, 565 (1940)
M. D. Whitaker, W. C. Bright and E. J. Murphy, Phys. Rev. 57, 551 (1940)

[c1] Whitaker, Beyer and Dunning, Phys. Rev. 54, 771 (1938)

[c2] M. D. Whitaker and H. G. Beyer, Phys. Rev. 55, 1124 (1939)

[c3] M. D. Whitaker and H. G. Beyer, Phys. Rev. 55, 1101 (1939)

[c4] Halpern, Hamermesh and Johnson, Phys. Rev. 55, 1125 (1939)

[c5] G. C. Wick, Physik. Zeits. 38, 403 (1937) ibid.38, 689 (1937)

[c6] O. Halpern and M. H. Johnson, Phys. Rev. 55, 898 (1939)

[c7] I. Pomerantschuk, Physik. Zeits. Sowjetunion 13, 65 (1938)

[c8] P. Preiswerk and H. von Halban, Comptes rendus 203, 73 (1938)

[c9] W. M. Elsasser, Comptes rendus 202, 1029 (1936)

[c10] D. P. Mitchell and P. N. Powers, Phys. Rev. 50, 486 (1936)

[c11] P. Preiswerk, Helv. Phys. Acta 10, 400 (1937)

[c12] G. A. Fink, Phys. Rev. 50, 738 (1936)

[c13] M. Kimura, Proc. Imp. Acad., Tokyo 15, 214 (1939)

[c14] Dunning, Pegram, Fink, Mitchell and Segrè, Phys. Rev. 48, 704 (1935)

[c15] E. Amaldi and E. Fermi, Phys. Rev. 50, 899 (1936)

[c16] Nix, Beyer and Dunning, Phys. Rev. 57, 566 (1940)

[c17] H. B. Hanstein and J. R. Dunning, Phys. Rev. 57, 565 (1940)

[c18] M. D. Whitaker, W. C. Bright and E. J. Murphy, Phys. Rev. 57, 551 (1940)

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Interference Phenomena in the Scattering of Slow Neutrons

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