Energy Release from <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">Be</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>9</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>)</mo><mrow><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">Li</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> and the Production of <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">Li</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>

Elizabeth Riddle Graves

doi:10.1103/PhysRev.57.855

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Energy Release from ${Be}^{9} (d, α) {Li}^{7}$ and the Production of ${Li}^{7}$

Elizabeth Riddle Graves

Ryerson Physical Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois

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Phys. Rev. 57, 855 – Published 15 May, 1940

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.57.855

Abstract

The $α$ -particles from ${Be}^{9} (d, α) {Li}^{7}$ have been investigated with a variable air pressure absorption cell, ionization chamber and linear amplifier. It has been established that there are two groups of $α$ -particles differing at 760 mm pressure and 15°C by 3.08±0.10 mm range reduced to zero bombarding voltage. The groups have been shown to be associated with the production of ${Li}^{7}$ in the ground state and in an excited state. At 239 kv bombarding voltage, the excited state is formed 1.7 times as often as the ground state. The energy balance, $Q$ , associated with the production of the ground state has been determined to be 7.093±0.022 Mev. The energy of the excited level has been determined to be 494±16 kev. The total yield curve for $α$ -particles has been investigated from 235 kv to 390 kv bombarding voltage. The measured value for the energy of the excited level in ${Li}^{7}$ is discussed in connection with values from other reactions in which ${Li}^{7}$ is an end product and with $γ$ -ray measurements of the level.

References (28)

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[c1] L. H. Rumbaugh and L. R. Hafstad, Phys. Rev. 50, 681 (1936)

[c2] J. H. Williams, W. G. Shepherd and R. O. Haxby, Phys. Rev. 52, 390 (1937)

[c3] L. H. Rumbaugh, R. B. Roberts and I. R. Hafstad, Phys. Rev. 54, 657 (1938)

[c4] O. Haxel, Zeits. f. Physik 104, 7-8, 540 (1937)

[c5] C. O'Ceallaigh and W. T. Davies, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A167, 81 (1938)

[c6] M. S. Livingston and J. G. Hoffman, Phys. Rev. 53, 227 (1938)

[c7] W. Maurer and J. B. Fisk, Zeits. f. Physik 112, 7-8 436 (1939)

[c8] J. H. Williams, R. O. Haxby and W. G. Shepherd, Phys. Rev. 52, 1031 (1937)

[c9] N. M. Smith, Jr., Phys. Rev. 56, 548 (1939) S. K. Allison, L. S. Skaggs and N. M. Smith, Jr., 57, 550 (1940)

[c10] G. T. Hatch, Phys. Rev. 54, 165 (1938)

[c11] W. B. Lewis and B. V. Bowden, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A145, 235 (1934)

[c12] G. H. Briggs, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A157, 183 (1936)

[c13] J. D. Cockcroft and W. B. Lewis, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A154, 246 (1936)

[c14] S. K. Allison, Phys. Rev. 55, 626 (1939)

[c15] L. S. Skaggs, Phys. Rev. 56, 24 (1939) S. K. Allison, L. S. Skaggs and N. M. Smith, [9]

[c16] M. S. Livingston and H. A. Bethe, Rev. Mod. Phys. 9, 370 (1937)

[c17] R. J. Walen, Comptes rendus 202, 1500 (1936)

[c18] J. Rotblat, Nature 138, 202 (1936)

[c19] E. Fünfer, Ann. d. Physik 29, 1 (1937)

[c20] J. C. Bower, E. Bretscher and C. W. Gilbert, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 34, 290 (1938)

[c21] M. G. Holloway and M. S. Livingston, Phys. Rev. 54, 30, 37 (1938)

[c22] H. R. Crane, L. A. Delsasso and W. A. Fowler, Phys. Rev. 47, 782 (1935)

[c23] H. R. Crane, J. Halpern and N. C. Oleson, Phys. Rev. 57, 13 (1940)

[c24] H. C. Webster, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A136, 428 (1932)

[c25] P. Savel, Ann. de physique II 4, 88 (1935)

[c26] W. Bothe, Zeits. f. Physik 100, 273 (1936)

[c27] K. C. Speh, Phys. Rev. 50, 689 (1936)

[c28] W. A. Fowler and C. C. Lauritsen, Phys. Rev. 56, 840 (1939)

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Energy Release from ${Be}^{9} (d, α) {Li}^{7}$ and the Production of ${Li}^{7}$

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References (28)

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Energy Release from Be9(d,α)Li7 and the Production of Li7

Abstract

References (28)

Energy Release from ${Be}^{9} (d, α) {Li}^{7}$ and the Production of ${Li}^{7}$