Magnetic Field Dependence of Far-Infrared Absorption in Thin-Film Superconductors

W. S. Martin; M. Tinkham

doi:10.1103/PhysRev.167.421

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Magnetic Field Dependence of Far-Infrared Absorption in Thin-Film Superconductors

W. S. Martin^* and M. Tinkham^†

Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California

^*Present address: General Electric Research and Development Center, Schenectady, N. Y.
^†Present address: Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.

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Phys. Rev. 167, 421 – Published 10 March, 1968

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.167.421

Abstract

We have measured the absorption of far-infrared radiation in a cavity by superconducting lead films as a function of magnetic field up to the critical field. The experiments were conducted over a frequency range of 8 to 60 ${cm}^{- 1}$ on films approximately 100 Å thick in a magnetic field nearly parallel to the film plane. Even for fields well below the critical value, we observed substantial absorption below the gap frequency and apparently extending down to very low frequencies. This low-frequency absorption is much stronger than we can account for in terms of a spatially uniform order parameter being depressed by the field. Rather, we postulate that vortices with normal cores resulting from the unavoidable, though small, perpendicular-field component play an essential role. In this way we can qualitatively interpret our data, but at present no available theory is capable of giving a quantitative account of them.

References (28)

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L. P. Gor'kov, Zh. Eksperim. i Teor. Fiz. 36, 1918 (1959) [English transl.: Soviet Phys.—JETP 9, 1364 (1959)]
D. E. Morris and M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. 134, A1154 (1964)
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W. S. Martin, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 9, 712 (1964)
W. S. Martin, Ph.D. thesis, University of California, Berkeley, Calif., 1965 (unpublished)
M. Tinkham, in Optical Properties and Electronic Structure of Metals and Alloys, edited by F. Abeles (North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1966), p. 431
M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. 129, 2413 (1963)
M. Tinkham, in Basic Problems in Thin Film Physics, edited by R. Niedermayer and H. Mayer (Vandenhoeck and Rupprecht, Göttingen, Germany, 1966), p. 499
A. A. Abrikosov and L. P. Gor'kov, Zh. Eksperim. i Teor. Fiz. 39, 1781 (1960) [English transl.: Soviet Phys.—JETP 12, 1243 (1961)]
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M. Tinkham, Conference on Physics of Type-II Superconductors, Cleveland, 1964 (unpublished)
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H. Meissner and L. J. Duffy, Research on Composite Films, Technical Report, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1964 (unpublished)

[c1] V. L. Ginzburg and L. D. Landau, Zh. Eksperim. i Teor. Fiz. 20, 1064 (1950)

[c2] L. P. Gor'kov, Zh. Eksperim. i Teor. Fiz. 36, 1918 (1959) [English transl.: Soviet Phys.—JETP 9, 1364 (1959)]

[c3] D. E. Morris and M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. 134, A1154 (1964)

[c4] R. H. White and M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. 136, A203 (1964)

[c5] R. Meservey and D. H. Douglass, Jr., Phys. Rev. 135, A24 (1964)

[c6] J. L. Levine, Phys. Rev. 155, 373 (1967)

[c7] J. Millstein and M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. 158, 325 (1967)

[c8] W. S. Martin, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 9, 712 (1964)

[c9] W. S. Martin, Ph.D. thesis, University of California, Berkeley, Calif., 1965 (unpublished)

[c10] M. Tinkham, in Optical Properties and Electronic Structure of Metals and Alloys, edited by F. Abeles (North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1966), p. 431

[c11] M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. 129, 2413 (1963)

[c12] M. Tinkham, in Basic Problems in Thin Film Physics, edited by R. Niedermayer and H. Mayer (Vandenhoeck and Rupprecht, Göttingen, Germany, 1966), p. 499

[c13] A. A. Abrikosov and L. P. Gor'kov, Zh. Eksperim. i Teor. Fiz. 39, 1781 (1960) [English transl.: Soviet Phys.—JETP 12, 1243 (1961)]

[c14] J. Bardeen, L. N. Cooper, and J. R. Schrieffer, Phys. Rev. 108, 1175 (1957)

[c15] M. A. Woolf and F. Reif, Phys. Rev. 137, A557 (1965)

[c16] K. Maki and P. Fulde, Phys. Rev. 140, A1586 (1965)

[c17] S. Skalski, O. Betbeder-Matibet, and P. R. Weiss, Phys. Rev. 136, A1500 (1964)

[c18] S. Strässler and P. Wyder, Phys. Rev. 158, 319 (1967)

[c19] R. C. Ohlmann and M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. 123, 425 (1961)

[c20] M. Tinkham, Conference on Physics of Type-II Superconductors, Cleveland, 1964 (unpublished)

[c21] D. Saint-James, Phys. Letters 16, 218 (1965)

[c22] K. Maki, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 34, 363 (1965)

[c23] C. Caroli, P. G. de Gennes, and J. Matricon, Phys. Letters 9, 307 (1964)

[c24] P. Wyder (private communication)

[c25] D. M. Ginsberg, P. L. Richards, and M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. Letters 3, 337 (1959)

[c26] L. H. Palmer and M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. 165, 588 (1968)

[c27] S. L. Norman and D. H. Doughlass, Jr., Phys. Rev. Letters 18, 339 (1967)

[c28] H. Meissner and L. J. Duffy, Research on Composite Films, Technical Report, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1964 (unpublished)

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Magnetic Field Dependence of Far-Infrared Absorption in Thin-Film Superconductors

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