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Gauge Invariance and Current Definition in Quantum Electrodynamics
Phys. Rev. 151, 1024 – Published 25 November, 1966
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.151.1024
Abstract
In order to study the problems of gauge invariance, Lorentz covariance, and the operator properties of the "Schwinger terms" in the current commutators, spin-½ quantum electrodynamics is written as the limit of a nonlocal theory. The conditions on such a theory are discussed and the nonlocal equations in the case of an external vector potential derived. The gauge-invariant, Lorentz-covariant limit of these equations is then discussed, and it is found that (in the case of spin ½) the "Schwinger terms" are purely -number. The quantized vector potential is considered by means of a Feynman path integral and its gauge structure determined. It is found that an automatically gauge-covariant theory results and that the -number character of the Schwinger terms apparently persists.
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Omitted endnote
Omitted endnote
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