Superconducting Properties of High-Purity Niobium

D. K. Finnemore; T. F. Stromberg; C. A. Swenson

doi:10.1103/PhysRev.149.231

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Superconducting Properties of High-Purity Niobium

D. K. Finnemore, T. F. Stromberg^*, and C. A. Swenson

Institute for Atomic Research and Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa

^*Present address: Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico.

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Phys. Rev. 149, 231 – Published 9 September, 1966

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.149.231

Abstract

Precision magnetization data are given for high-purity niobium metal samples (resistance ratio $\frac{R_{300}}{{R_{4.2}}^{N}} = 1600 \pm 400$ ) over the range from 1.1°K to $T_{c} = 9.25 (\pm . 01) °$ K. The thermodynamic critical-field curve, which is parabolic to 1%, is that to be expected for an intermediate-coupling superconductor. The magnetization curves are qualitatively like those associated with a type-II superconductor with $κ \sim 1$ , but the detailed shape does not follow any theory. In particular, the magnetization increases linearly with a slope of 23 G/Oe from 1.005 $H_{c 1}$ to 1.025 $H_{c 1}$ , where a sharp break occurs to a smaller slope. The magnetization data at $H_{c 1}$ and in the region of $H_{c 2}$ are consistent with published specific-heat data. The magnitudes of $H_{c 2}$ and $H_{c}$ are consistent with measured values of the penetration depth $λ$ . Preliminary data are reported for $H_{c 3}$ as obtained from both resistive and ac susceptibility measurements.

References (51)

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[c1] D. Shoenberg, Superconductivity (Cambridge University Press, New York, 1952), 2nd ed

[c2] A. Calverley, K. Mendelssohn, and P. M. Rowell, Cryogenics 2, 26 (1961)

[c3] D. P. Seraphim, D. T. Novak, and J. I. Budnick, Acta Met. 9, 446 (1961)

[c4] C. H. Hinrichs and C. A. Swenson, Phys. Rev. 123, 1106 (1961)

[c5] T. F. Stromberg and C. A. Swenson, Phys. Rev. Letters 9, 370 (1962)

[c6] S. H. Autler and E. S. Rosenblum, Phys. Rev. Letters 9, 489 (1962)

[c7] A. B. Pippard, Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc. 47, 617 (1951) Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A216, 547 (1953)

[c8] V. L. Ginzburg and L. D. Landau, Zh. Eksperim. i Teor. Fiz. 20, 1064 (1950)

[c9] A. A. Abrikosov, Zh. Eksperim. i Teor. Fiz. 32, 1442 (1957) [English transl.: Soviet Phys.—JETP 5, 1174 (1957)]

[c10] L. P. Gor'kov, Zh. Eksperim. i Teor. Fiz. 37, 1407 (1959) [English transl.: Soviet Phys.—JETP 10, 998 (1960)]

[c11] B. B. Goodman, Phys. Rev. Letters 6, 597 (1961) IBM J. Res. Develop. 6, 63 (1962)

[c12] B. B. Goodmanthe Proceedings of the International Conference on the Science of Superconductivity, 1963, which appeared in Rev. Mod. Phys. 36, No. 1 (1964)

[c13] K. Maki, Physics 1, 21 (1964) ibid.1, 127 (1964)

[c14] E. Helfand and N. R. Werthamer, Phys. Rev. Letters 13, 686 (1964) K. Maki and T. Tsuzuki, Phys. Rev. 139, A868 (1965) L. Neumann and L. Tewordt, Z. Physik 191, 73 (1966)

[c15] W. DeSorbo, Phys. Rev. 130, 2177 (1963) ibid.132, 107 (1963) ibid.134, A1119 (1964) ibid.135, A1190 (1964)

[c16] B. J. C. van der Hoeven and P. H. Keesom, Phys. Rev. 134, A1320 (1964)

[c17] H. A. Leupold and H. A. Boorse, Phys. Rev. 134, A1322 (1964)

[c18] L. Shen, N. M. Senozan, and N. E. Phillips, Phys. Rev. Letters 14, 1025 (1965)

[c19] M. D. Sherrill and H. H. Edwards, Phys. Rev. Letters 6, 460 (1961)

[c20] P. Townsend and J. Sutton, Phys. Rev. 128, 591 (1962)

[c21] E. R. Dobbs and J. M. Perz, Rev. Mod. Phys. 36, 257 (1964) R. Weber, Phys. Rev. 133, A1487 (1964)

[c22] H. van Dijk, M. Durieux, J. R. Clement, and J. K. Logan, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Std. 64A, 4 (1960)

[c23] D. K. Finnemore, J. E. Ostenson, and T. F. Stromberg, U. S. Atomic Energy Commission Report IS-1046 (unpublished)

[c24] D. K. Finnemore, D. L. Johnson, J. E. Ostenson, F. H. Spedding, and B. J. Beaudry, Phys. Rev. 137, A550 (1965)

[c25] J. P. Franck and D. L. Martin, Can. J. Phys. 39, 1320 (1961)

[c26] T. F. Stromberg, Ph.D. thesis, Iowa State University, 1965 (unpublished)

[c27] J. E. Schirber and C. A. Swenson, Phys. Rev. 123, 1115 (1961)

[c28] J. Bardeen, L. N. Cooper, and J. R. Schrieffer, Phys. Rev. 108, 1175 (1957)

[c29] J. Bardeen and J. R. Schrieffer, in Progress in Low Temperature Physics (North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1961), Vol. III

[c30] D. K. Finnemore and D. E. Mapother, Phys. Rev. 140, A507 (1965)

[c31] J. C. Swihart, D. J. Scalapino, and Y. Wada, Phys. Rev. Letters 14, 106 (1965)

[c32] J. Matricon, Phys. Letters 9, 289 (1964)

[c33] B. B. Goodman, Phys. Letters 12, 6 (1964)

[c34] T. McConville and B. Serin, Phys. Rev. 140, A1169 (1965)

[c35] M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. 129, 2413 (1963)

[c36] T. Ohtsuka, Phys. Letters 17, 194 (1965)

[c37] A. L. Schawlow and G. E. Devlin, Phys. Rev. 113, 120 (1959)

[c38] B. W. Maxfield and W. L. McLean, Phys. Rev. 139, A1515 (1965)

[c39] J. L. Harden and V. Arp, Cryogenics 3, 105 (1963)

[c40] D. Saint-James and P. G. de Gennes, Phys. Letters 7, 306 (1963)

[c41] C. F. Hempstead and Y. B. Kim, Phys. Rev. Letters 12, 145 (1964)

[c42] W. J. Tomash and A. S. Joseph, Phys. Rev. Letters 12, 148 (1964)

[c43] M. Strongin, A. Paskin, D. G. Schweitzer, O. F. Kammerer, and P. P. Craig, Phys. Rev. Letters 12, 442 (1964) Phys. Rev. 136, A926 (1964)

[c44] B. Rosenblum and M. Cardona, Phys. Letters 9, 220 (1964)

[c45] G. Ebneth and L. Tewordt, Z. Physik 185, 421 (1965)

[c46] H. J. Fink, Phys. Letters 19, 364 (1965)

[c47] R. W. Shaw, D. E. Mapother, and D. C. Hopkins, Phys. Rev. 120, 88 (1960)

[c48] J. Buchanan, G. K. Chang, and B. Serin, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 26, 1183 (1965)

[c49] P. H. Keesom and Ray Radebaugh, Phys. Rev. Letters 13, 685 (1964)

[c50] R. B. Martin and A. C. Rose-Innes, Phys. Letters 19, 467 (1965)

[c51] Ray Radebaugh and P. H. Keesom, preceding paper, Phys. Rev. 149, 217 (1966)

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Superconducting Properties of High-Purity Niobium

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