- Access by Xinjiang University
Second Sound in Square and Cubical Cavities
Phys. Rev. 136, A918 – Published 16 November, 1964
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.136.A918
Abstract
The response of closed square and cubical cavities to linear standing waves of second sound in helium ii has been studied. In a square cavity, when the number of half-wavelengths along one side is even, a linear wave in the direction couples loosely with the direction, producing standing waves in both directions at two resonant frequencies, in a narrow doublet. The theory of the coupled waves is analogous to that for coupled LC electric circuits. When is odd, a linear wave does not couple with the perpendicular directions. However, owing to quadratic terms in the thermohydrodynamic equations, a small-amplitude wave at twice the frequency of the standing wave is generated, and this wave is present along both the and axes. A theory of these phenomena is presented, along with frequency, amplitude, phase, and measurements. The results are similar in cubical cavities, but the number of available coupled-wave modes is reduced by cancellation of waves, due to the symmetry of the cavity.
References (10)
- K. R. Atkins, Liquid Helium (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1959), Chap. 5
- J. W. Strutt (Baron Rayleigh), Theory of Sound (Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1945), 2nd ed., Vol. II, p. 70
- F. London, Superfluids (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1954), Vol. II, pp. 130-132
- L. Prandtl and O. G. Tietjens, Applied Hydro- and Aeromechanics (Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1957), p. 67 H. L. Dryden, F. D. Murnaghan, and H. Bateman, Hydrodynamics (Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1956), p. 349 L. M. Milne-Thomson, Theoretical Hydrodynamics (The Macmillan Company, New York, 1955), 3rd ed., p. 569
- [1], pp. 141-142
- L. Page and N. I. Adams, Principles of Electricity (D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., New York, 1949), 2nd ed., pp. 533-544
Omitted endnote
- [6], pp. 499-517
- J. R. Pellam, Phys. Rev. 75, 1183 (1949) R. D. Mauer and M. A. Herlin, ibid. 76, 948 (1949)
- K. R. Atkins and K. H. Hart, Can. J. Phys. 32, 381 (1954)