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Hendrik J. Gerritsen; Edward S. Sabisky

doi:10.1103/PhysRev.125.1853

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Paramagnetic Resonance of ${Ni}^{2 +}$ and ${Ni}^{3 +}$ in Ti $O_{2}$

Hendrik J. Gerritsen^* and Edward S. Sabisky

RCA Laboratories, Princeton, New Jersey

^*Now at Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.

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Phys. Rev. 125, 1853 – Published 15 March, 1962

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.125.1853

Abstract

Electron spin resonance was observed in nickel-doped rutile. The majority of the nickel is in the divalent state, and probably occupies an interstitial position. The parameters describing the ${Ni}^{2 +}$ spectra are: $S = 1$ ; $g [z] = 2.20$ ; $g [y] = g [x] = 2.10$ ; $D = - 8.3$ ${cm}^{- 1}$ ; and $| E | = 0.137$ ${cm}^{- 1}$ at 4.2°K. Some of the nickel, also probably occupying an interstitial position, is in the trivalent state, as was verified by oxidation-reduction tests. The parameters are: $S = \frac{1}{2}$ and $g [z] = 2.254$ ; $g [c] = 2.085$ ; $g [x] = 2.084$ . A third spectrum due to nickel in an unknown valence state appears after the sample is illuminated. It represents nickel in a substitutional site with $S = \frac{1}{2}$ and $g [110] = 2.272$ ; $g [c] = 2.237$ ; $g [1 \bar{1} 0] = 2.050$ .

References (15)

(a) H. J. Gerritsen and H. R. Lewis, Quantum Electronics (Columbia Press, New York, 1960), p. 385 (b) A. Okaya, Proc. IRE 48, 1921 (1960)
T. H. Maiman, Quantum Electronics (Columbia Press, New York, 1960), p. 324
K. D. Bowers and J. Owen, Reports on Progressive Physics (The Physical Society, London, 1955), Vol. 18, p. 348
H. J. Gerritsen and E. S. Sabisky, Bull. Amer. Phys. Soc. 3, 235 (1961)
B. Bleaney and D. J. E. Ingram, Proc. Roy. Soc. A205, 336 (1951)
J. W. Orton, P. Auzins, J. H. E. Griffiths and J. E. Wertz (to be published)
W. Hayes and D. A. Jones, Proc. Phys. Soc. 71, 503 (1958)
(a) H. J. Gerritsen, S. E. Harrison, H. R. Lewis and J. P. Wittke, Phys. Rev. Letters 2, 153 (1959) (b) E. Sierro, K. A. Muller, R. Lacroix, Arch. Sci. (Geneva) 12, 122 (1959)
A. Okaya, D. Carter and F. Nash, Bull. Amer. Phys. Soc. 3, 73 (1960)
(a) H. J. Gerritsen and H. R. Lewis, Phys. Rev. 119, 1010 (1960) (b) G. M. Zverev and A. M. Prokhorov, JETP 39, 222 (1960)
H. G. Andresen, Phys. Rev. 120, 1606 (1960)
P. F. Chester, Proceedings of the Conference on Semiconductor Compounds, New York, 1961 (to be published)
F. A. Grant, Revs. Modern Phys. 31, 646 (1959)
(a) D. C. Cronemeyer, Phys. Rev. 113, 1222 (1959) (b) B. H. Soffer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory for Insulation Research, Technical Report 140, 1959 (unpublished)
B. Bleaney, K. D. Bowers and D. J. E. Ingram, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A228, 147 (1955)

[c1] (a) H. J. Gerritsen and H. R. Lewis, Quantum Electronics (Columbia Press, New York, 1960), p. 385 (b) A. Okaya, Proc. IRE 48, 1921 (1960)

[c2] T. H. Maiman, Quantum Electronics (Columbia Press, New York, 1960), p. 324

[c3] K. D. Bowers and J. Owen, Reports on Progressive Physics (The Physical Society, London, 1955), Vol. 18, p. 348

[c4] H. J. Gerritsen and E. S. Sabisky, Bull. Amer. Phys. Soc. 3, 235 (1961)

[c5] B. Bleaney and D. J. E. Ingram, Proc. Roy. Soc. A205, 336 (1951)

[c6] J. W. Orton, P. Auzins, J. H. E. Griffiths and J. E. Wertz (to be published)

[c7] W. Hayes and D. A. Jones, Proc. Phys. Soc. 71, 503 (1958)

[c8] (a) H. J. Gerritsen, S. E. Harrison, H. R. Lewis and J. P. Wittke, Phys. Rev. Letters 2, 153 (1959) (b) E. Sierro, K. A. Muller, R. Lacroix, Arch. Sci. (Geneva) 12, 122 (1959)

[c9] A. Okaya, D. Carter and F. Nash, Bull. Amer. Phys. Soc. 3, 73 (1960)

[c10] (a) H. J. Gerritsen and H. R. Lewis, Phys. Rev. 119, 1010 (1960) (b) G. M. Zverev and A. M. Prokhorov, JETP 39, 222 (1960)

[c11] H. G. Andresen, Phys. Rev. 120, 1606 (1960)

[c12] P. F. Chester, Proceedings of the Conference on Semiconductor Compounds, New York, 1961 (to be published)

[c13] F. A. Grant, Revs. Modern Phys. 31, 646 (1959)

[c14] (a) D. C. Cronemeyer, Phys. Rev. 113, 1222 (1959) (b) B. H. Soffer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory for Insulation Research, Technical Report 140, 1959 (unpublished)

[c15] B. Bleaney, K. D. Bowers and D. J. E. Ingram, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A228, 147 (1955)

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Paramagnetic Resonance of ${Ni}^{2 +}$ and ${Ni}^{3 +}$ in Ti $O_{2}$

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Paramagnetic Resonance of Ni2+ and Ni3+ in TiO2

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Paramagnetic Resonance of ${Ni}^{2 +}$ and ${Ni}^{3 +}$ in Ti $O_{2}$