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Generalized Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer States and the Proposed Low-Temperature Phase of Liquid
Phys. Rev. 123, 1911 – Published 15 September, 1961
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.123.1911
Abstract
Particle interactions in a Fermi gas may be such as to attract pairs near the Fermi surface more strongly in or higher states than in the simple spherically symmetrical state. In that case the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer condensed state must be generalized, and the resulting state is an anisotropic superfluid. We have studied the properties of this type of state in considerable detail, especially for . We have derived expressions for the energy, the moment of inertia, the magnetic susceptibility and the specific heat. We also derive the density correlation function and the density-current density correlation; in some cases the latter implies that the liquid has net surface currents and a net orbital angular momentum. The ground state for is different from those previously considered, and has cubic symmetry and no net angular momentum. A general method for replacing the possibly rather complicated potential by a simple scattering matrix is given. A brief discussion of possible collective effects is included. We apply our results to liquid ; after correction for scattering by a method due to Suhl, it is found that the predicted transition should take place below 0.02°K. Other possible applications are suggested.
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